A perfluoro(poly)ether group containing silane compound represented by the formula (1a) or the formula (1b):

A-RfXSiQ.sub.kY.sub.3-k(1a)

Y.sub.3-kQ.sub.kSiXRfXSiQ.sub.kY.sub.3-k(1b)

as defined herein. Also disclosed is a process for producing the compound, a surface-treating agent containing the compound, a pellet containing the surface-treating agent and an optical member including a base material and a layer formed on a surface of the base material from the compound.

Aspects of the present disclosure provide coatings and methods for depositing coatings onto surfaces. In one aspect, a method for forming a coating includes applying a composition to a surface of a component, the composition including a first polymer, a second polymer that is a fluoropolymer, an isocyanate, and a curative. The method includes curing the mixture at a first temperature of about 50 C. or greater and increasing the first temperature to a second temperature of about 80 C. or greater. The method includes obtaining a coating disposed on the surface of the component, the coating having a thickness of from about 10 mils to about 50 mils and a void density of less than 5 voids of size 0.5 mm or greater per cm.sup.2.

The present invention provides an antifouling coating formed from a water-based coating composition comprising 0.1% by mass to 10% by mass of ultrafine silica particles having an average particle size equal to or less than 25 nm, 5% by mass to 50% by mass, relative to the ultrafine silica particles, of a zirconium compound which is at least one selected from zirconium chloride and zirconyl chloride, and 30% by mass to 99.5% by mass of water. In accordance with the present invention, it is possible to provide an antifouling coating that can maintain the antifouling performance and hydrophilicity and prevent corrosion of fins even under an environment with a large amount of contaminating substances, such as metal particles, in the air.

A perfluoro(poly)ether group-containing silane compound including a structure represented by -PFPE-XSiR.sup.a.sub.kR.sup.b.sub.lR.sup.c.sub.m. In an exemplary embodiment, PFPE is a perfluoro(poly)ether group, X is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, R.sup.a is a functional group comprising a Si, R.sup.c is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, k is an integer of 1 to 3, l and m are an integer of 0 to 2, respectively, and the sum of k, l and m in each SiR.sup.a.sub.kR.sup.b.sub.lR.sup.c.sub.m is 3. Also disclosed is a surface-treating agent containing the silane compound, a pellet containing the surface-treating agent and an article including a base material and a layer formed from the silane compound or the surface-treating agent on a surface of the base material.

Provided is an antifouling hard coating film including a cured layer of a composition for forming a hard coating layer including an epoxy siloxane resin, disposed on a substrate, and an antifouling layer including a fluorine-substituted silsesquioxane resin, disposed on the cured layer, the antifouling hard coating film having excellent interlayer bonding force, hardness, and antifouling property, and suppressed curling.

Provided is an antifouling hard coating film including a cured layer of a composition for forming a hard coating layer including an epoxy siloxane resin, disposed on a substrate, and an antifouling layer including a fluorine-substituted silsesquioxane resin, disposed on the cured layer, the antifouling hard coating film having excellent interlayer bonding force, hardness, and antifouling property, and suppressed curling.

A purge control solenoid valve includes a gas access body including an evaporation gas inlet, an evaporation gas outlet, and a path that connects the evaporation gas inlet and the evaporation gas outlet; a valve operation body including an armature coupled to the gas access body and performing a reciprocating motion in a direction in which the armature is brought into close contact with or separated from the path by a core that generates a magnetic force; and an armature top member being in close contact with or separated from the path due to the reciprocating motion of the armature to open or close the path. The armature top member has a non-adhesion coating formed on a top surface of a body thereof, and the non-adhesion coating includes a binder, graphite, polytetrafluoroethylene, and a crosslinking agent.

Various methods for making material capable of forming anti-fouling and anti-corrosive coatings are disclosed. For example, a particular method may include providing an epoxy resin suitable to be applied to a rigid surface, and adding an amount of a blue-green algae extract sufficient to cause the epoxy resin to exhibit improved anti-fouling and/or corrosion-resistant properties as compared to the epoxy resin without the blue-green algae extract.

The present invention is directed to bioactive microcapsules and to the process for their production. More in particular, the present invention relates to the production of bioactive microcapsules, or porous microspheres by a water-in-oil (W/O) microemulsion method combined with interfacial polymerization, involving the full or partial covalent immobilization of biocides and/or modified biocides within the microcapsules shell, or porous microspheres. In addition, the present invention further relates to the use of said bioactive microcapsules/microspheres for controlled release of biocides in antifouling application and their incorporation in matrices such as marine coatings.

The present invention provides a zwitterionic silatrane-based material and an antifouling substrate containing the same, wherein zwitterionic silatrane-based material has a structure as shown in Formula (I):

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