The present invention generally relates to coated electrodes comprising an electrically conductive substrate and a polymeric coating, and to methods for the preparation of the same.

The invention relates to a method for grafting an organic film onto an electrically conductive or semiconductive surface by electro-reduction of a solution, wherein the solution comprises one diazonium salt and one monomer bearing at least one chain polymerizable functional group. During the electrolyzing process, at least one protocols consisting of an electrical polarization of the surface by applying a variable potential over at least a range of values which are more cathodic that the reduction or peak potential of all diazonium salts in said solution is applied. The invention also relates to an electrically conducting or semiconducting surface obtained by implementing this method. The invention further relates to electrolytic compositions.

An electrophoretic medium including a mixture of charge control agents, for example quaternary amine salts of polyisobutylene combined with quaternary amine salts of polyesters. The described electrophoretic medium exhibits improved color saturation as compared to similar electrophoretic media having only one of the charge control agents.

A process for producing a sensor component for detecting an analyte; a sensor component producible by the process; a process for detecting an analyte; and a device comprising the sensor component. The process comprises electrochemically growing a plurality of conducting polymer molecules from a monomer electrolyte solution to provide a percolation network. The plurality of conducting polymer molecules are grown on the surface of an insulating substrate to connect a first electrode to a second electrode and are capable of displaying a change in an electrical property in response to interaction with an analyte A plurality of conductive nodes may be disposed on a surface of the insulating substrate. A potentiostatic method or a galvanostatic method may be employed to grow the plurality of conducting polymers. Chronoamperometry may be employed to electrochemically grow the plurality of conducting polymers. Cyclic voltammetry is not employed to grow the plurality of conducting polymers.

A porous structure (1) provided with a pattern that is composed of a conductive polymer, which comprises a porous body (2) and a pattern (3) that is composed of a conductive polymer and arranged on the porous body (2). The porous body (2) is preferably a gel, and a dopant may be added to the pattern (3) that is composed of a conductive polymer. If an agarose gel is used as the gel (2) and a PEDOT electrode (3A) is used as the pattern (3) that is composed of a conductive polymer in the porous structure (1) which is provided with the pattern (3) that is composed of a conductive polymer, the porous structure (1) can be used as an electrode for cell stimulation. The porous structure (1) provided with the pattern (3) that is composed of a conductive polymer can be produced by an electropolymerization method.

Improved formulations of electrophoretic media that can be incorporated into displays, front plane laminates, inverted front plane laminates, or color changing films. The formulations include a non-polar fluid, a plurality of first charged particles, and charge control agents (CCA) including a quaternary amine and an unsaturated polymeric tail comprising monomers of at least 10 carbon atoms in length. The formulations show improved switching speeds, as well as a larger dynamic range at low temperatures (i.e., below about 0 C.), where compared to state-of-the-art electrophoretic media.

A method for high rate assembly of nanoelements into two-dimensional void patterns on a non-conductive substrate surface utilizes an applied electric field to stabilize against forces resulting from pulling the substrate through the surface of a nanoelement suspension. The electric field contours emanating from a conductive layer in the substrate, covered by an insulating layer, are modified by a patterned photoresist layer, resulting in an increased driving force for nanoelements to migrate from a liquid suspension to voids on a patterned substrate having a non-conductive surface. The method can be used for the production of microscale and nanoscale circuits, sensors, and other electronic devices.

Aqueous electrocoat compositions having improved throwing power and methods for coating electrically conductive substrates are provided. An exemplary composition includes water, a crosslinkable resin including a binder and a crosslinking agent, and a pigment paste. The exemplary electrocoat composition has a pigment/binder (P/B) ratio of less than about 0.15:1.

The invention relates to a method for grafting an organic film onto an eclectically conductive or semiconductive surface by electro-reduction of a solution, wherein the solution comprises one diazonium salt and one monomer bearing at least one chain polymerizable functional group. During the electrolyzing process, at least one protocol consisting of an electrical polarization of the surface by applying a variable potential over at least a range of values which are more cathodic that the reduction or peak potential of all diazonium salts in said solution is applied. The invention also relates to an electrically conducting or semiconducting surface obtained by implementing this method. The invention further relates to electrolytic compositions.

The present disclosure relates to an electrophoretic composition and a method for preparing the same, and more particularly, to an electrophoretic composition which is applicable to a variable transmittance device which uses an electrophoretic method and a method for preparing the same. According to the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, an electrophoretic composition which minimizes the settling problem caused by the gravity and allows the electrophoretic particles to maintain the stably dispersed pattern in the solvent and a method for preparing the same may be provided.