Fusing nanowire inks are described that can also comprise a hydrophilic polymer binder, such as a cellulose based binder. The fusing nanowire inks can be deposited onto a substrate surface and dried to drive the fusing process. Transparent conductive films can be formed with desirable properties.

The conductive composition of the present embodiment contains metal nanoparticles having an average particle diameter of 30 nm to 600 nm, metal particles having an average particle diameter larger than that of the metal nanoparticles, a thermosetting resin having an oxirane ring in a molecule, a curing agent, and a cellulose resin. Then, the specific resistance of the conductor formed by applying and calcining the conductive composition on the substrate is preferably 5.0×10.sup.−6 Ω.Math.cm or less, and the conductor does not peel from the substrate when a tape having an adhesive force of 3.9 N/10 mm to 39 N/10 mm is pressed against the conductor and peeled off.

The conductive composition of the present embodiment contains metal nanoparticles having an average particle diameter of 30 nm to 600 nm, metal particles having an average particle diameter larger than that of the metal nanoparticles, a thermosetting resin having an oxirane ring in a molecule, a curing agent, and a cellulose resin. Then, the specific resistance of the conductor formed by applying and calcining the conductive composition on the substrate is preferably 5.0×10.sup.−6 Ω.Math.cm or less, and the conductor does not peel from the substrate when a tape having an adhesive force of 3.9 N/10 mm to 39 N/10 mm is pressed against the conductor and peeled off.

An ink jet ink composition includes water, a phospholipid that forms a fine particle, and a coloring material that is incorporated in the fine particle.

Ink compositions and methods of use for reliably printing on alkaline and readily oxidizing surfaces comprise one or more pigments, one or more solvents for adjusting viscosity, surface tension, and/or heat tolerance, and water, the pigments being “loaded” in the ink sufficiently to meet the relevant color and optical density requirements for the ink while such ink composition still also meets the duty cycle requirements of the application.

An inkjet ink has a volume reduction rate ΔV calculated using formula (1) “ΔV=100×(V.sub.0−V.sub.22)/V.sub.0” of at least 25% and no greater than 45%. In the formula (1), V.sub.0 represents a first volume of a liquid droplet of the inkjet ink at landing, on a non-absorbent recording medium, of the inkjet ink dropped onto the non-absorbent recording medium. V.sub.22 represents a second volume of the liquid droplet when 22 seconds elapse from the landing of the liquid droplet on the non-absorbent recording medium.

A method of printing with coffee-based ink comprises providing a thermal ink-jet cartridge having a quantity of a coffee-based ink disposed within; receiving optical density data from a user via a touch-screen computerized interface, where the data describes an optical density of the coffee-based ink present within an ink-jet pod; and computing a customized droplet-size for the coffee-based ink in its current state within the thermal ink-jet cartridge. A suitable printing apparatus can include coffee-based ink in a cartridge, an image-processing system, an image processing module for determining, inter alia, droplet size and missing/defective nozzles, and a nozzle-compensation module. Suitable ink formulations are human-edible and aqueous.

A method of printing with coffee-based ink comprises providing a thermal ink-jet cartridge having a quantity of a coffee-based ink disposed within; receiving optical density data from a user via a touch-screen computerized interface, where the data describes an optical density of the coffee-based ink present within an ink-jet pod; and computing a customized droplet-size for the coffee-based ink in its current state within the thermal ink-jet cartridge. A suitable printing apparatus can include coffee-based ink in a cartridge, an image-processing system, an image processing module for determining, inter alia, droplet size and missing/defective nozzles, and a nozzle-compensation module. Suitable ink formulations are human-edible and aqueous.

A photochromic composition having at least one photochromic naphthopyran-based component with R′ and R″ groups selected from hydrogen, alkyl, fluorinated alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylaryl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, halogen, amine, carbonate ester, carboxylate, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl or a heterocyclic group and Ar′ and Ar″ groups selected from unsubstituted or substituted cyclic five-membered or six-membered structures including benzene, pyridine, thiophene, furan, carbazole, triphenylamine, dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran, fluorine, naphthalene, anthracene and pyrene. The photochromic composition is excitable under a visible light range to produce a color change. A second photochromic naphthopyran-based component with a different thermal decay rate constant (k) may further be included in the photochromic composition. The photochromic composition is incorporated into color-changing inks and polymers.

A non-aqueous ink composition which has superior printing performance, such as continuous discharge stability, and also has excellent storage stability and excellent coloring properties, and with which printed matter having superior durability can be obtained. A non-aqueous ink composition discharged using an inkjet method, the composition containing an organic solvent, a colorant, and a resin, where the resin contains at least one resin selected from the group consisting of acrylic resins, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer resins, and cellulose resins, and a resin having intrinsic viscosity at 25° C. of 90 mL/g or more accounts for up to 5 mass% of the entire resin.