Cellulose ether powder is prepared in a safe and easy way by first adding a surfactant solution to surfaces of water-soluble cellulose ether particles, and then adding a tannin solution thereto. The powder thus prepared is free of bitterness and readily dissolvable in cold water without forming clumps.

Cellulose ether powder is prepared in a safe and easy way by first adding a surfactant solution to surfaces of water-soluble cellulose ether particles, and then adding a tannin solution thereto. The powder thus prepared is free of bitterness and readily dissolvable in cold water without forming clumps.

Disclosed herein are compositions comprising a dispersion of solid particles of a substantially insoluble copper compound in an amount from 0.001% to 10% by weight of the composition; a boron-containing compound, a fluoride-containing compound, or a combination thereof; and an aqueous carrier; wherein the composition has a viscosity of 125 to 425 tenths of a millimeter (tmm) as measured using a penetrometer, and wherein at least 20% of the particles of the composition comprise particles having particle size greater than 25 microns. Also disclosed herein are methods of making and using the same.

The instant invention is a fire protectant composition comprising water, a surfactant, a water-soluble polymer, casein, and a calcium salt. The compositions can be applied to materials such as wood in advance of a fire, and after application, the compositions are capable of retaining their fire protectant capacities for days, weeks or even months. This fire protectant composition is also biodegradable and nontoxic. It is also easily removed from the combustible material by a water wash once the fire danger is passes. If burned, the composition forms a skin which can be peeled off or removed by some other method such as pressure water spray or mechanical brushing.

The present invention is directed to a coated paper substrate that is particularly suitable for metallization and other nano-coatings that provide barrier properties and are applied using vacuum deposition techniques. The invention is also directed to a process for preparing the coated paper substrate. The invention is also directed to a packaging material comprising the coated paper substrate.

Temperature measurements are critical in gas turbine engine design but difficult to obtain due to the extreme environment. Temperature indicating paints (thermal paints) have been used for decades to map maximum temperature fields on superalloy components but have numerous weaknesses. Disclosed herein are novel glass ceramic thermal paints that undergo viscous flow sintering to indicate temperatures up to 1000 C., with high resolution (5 C.), by an optical transition. Disclosed paint formulations are designed to adhere to Nickel-based superalloys or SiCSiC ceramic matrix composites (CMC) by closely matching coefficients of thermal expansion and may function for times above 60 hours. By utilizing automation and a UV:VIS spectrometer, quantitative temperature maps can be generated for easy comparison to theoretical models. A transient sintering energy model is disclosed to recover full thermal history information.

Temperature measurements are critical in gas turbine engine design but difficult to obtain due to the extreme environment. Temperature indicating paints (thermal paints) have been used for decades to map maximum temperature fields on superalloy components but have numerous weaknesses. Disclosed herein are novel glass ceramic thermal paints that undergo viscous flow sintering to indicate temperatures up to 1000 C., with high resolution (5 C.), by an optical transition. Disclosed paint formulations are designed to adhere to Nickel-based superalloys or SiCSiC ceramic matrix composites (CMC) by closely matching coefficients of thermal expansion and may function for times above 60 hours. By utilizing automation and a UV:VIS spectrometer, quantitative temperature maps can be generated for easy comparison to theoretical models. A transient sintering energy model is disclosed to recover full thermal history information.