The present invention relates to coating compositions, processes for making them, and methods of application of the coating compositions. Further, the present invention relates to a process and apparatus for coating a metal substrate, for example an elongated metal tubular substrate such as a pipe. Most particularly, the coating can be used as an anti-corrosion coating on a pipe for use in oil, gas and water pipeline applications.

The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments, to a method of slowing the growth of at least one microorganism on a surface, the method may comprise: applying a plurality of pellets to the surface, wherein each pellet of the plurality of pellets may comprise a polymer matrix and an antimicrobial agent, wherein the antimicrobial agent is dispersed throughout the volume of the polymer matrix, wherein natural weathering of the plurality of pellets releases the antimicrobial agent at a substantially uniform rate over a period of about or more than 20 years, and wherein the release of the antimicrobial agent slows the growth of microorganisms on a surface.

The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments, to a method of slowing the growth of at least one microorganism on a surface, the method may comprise: applying a plurality of pellets to the surface, wherein each pellet of the plurality of pellets may comprise a polymer matrix and an antimicrobial agent, wherein the antimicrobial agent is dispersed throughout the volume of the polymer matrix, wherein natural weathering of the plurality of pellets releases the antimicrobial agent at a substantially uniform rate over a period of about or more than 20 years, and wherein the release of the antimicrobial agent slows the growth of microorganisms on a surface.

The present invention provides a novel antistatic sheet having high gas barrier performance, high water vapor barrier performance, and antistatic performance, and a packaging material and an electronic device that include the antistatic sheet. The present invention relates to an antistatic sheet including a multilayer structure including a base (X), a layer (Z) containing an aluminum atom, and a layer (Y). The layer (Y) contains a polymer (A) having a vinylphosphonic acid unit, and the layer (Y) has a surface electrical resistivity of 1.010.sup.6 /sq or more and 4.010.sup.13 /sq or less.

The present invention provides a novel antistatic sheet having high gas barrier performance, high water vapor barrier performance, and antistatic performance, and a packaging material and an electronic device that include the antistatic sheet. The present invention relates to an antistatic sheet including a multilayer structure including a base (X), a layer (Z) containing an aluminum atom, and a layer (Y). The layer (Y) contains a polymer (A) having a vinylphosphonic acid unit, and the layer (Y) has a surface electrical resistivity of 1.010.sup.6 /sq or more and 4.010.sup.13 /sq or less.

A liquid quality detecting device includes a spherical frame and a hydrogel ball received in the spherical frame. The hydrogel ball can be in an original state or an expanded state. In the original state, an inner diameter of the spherical frame is greater than an outer diameter of the hydrogel ball, thereby defining a channel allowing the liquid to pass. The hydrogel ball is made of hydrogel which is pH-sensitive. When the pH value of the liquid is greater than a preset pH range, the hydrogel ball expands, and the core layer expands to cause the outer diameter of the hydrogel ball to become equal to the inner diameter of the spherical frame, thereby causing the hydrogel ball to block the channel. When in contact with within-range liquid again, the hydrogel ball reverts to original size.

A liquid quality detecting device includes a spherical frame and a hydrogel ball received in the spherical frame. The hydrogel ball can be in an original state or an expanded state. In the original state, an inner diameter of the spherical frame is greater than an outer diameter of the hydrogel ball, thereby defining a channel allowing the liquid to pass. The hydrogel ball is made of hydrogel which is pH-sensitive. When the pH value of the liquid is greater than a preset pH range, the hydrogel ball expands, and the core layer expands to cause the outer diameter of the hydrogel ball to become equal to the inner diameter of the spherical frame, thereby causing the hydrogel ball to block the channel. When in contact with within-range liquid again, the hydrogel ball reverts to original size.

Writing compositions capable of undergoing a color development when brought into contact with a specific substrate including a color change-inducing compound are provided. Application of the writing compositions to surfaces other than the intended substrate will avoid color development and prevent staining of the unintended surfaces. The writing compositions include at least one particulate filler including a clay, at least one leuco dye, one or more waxes chosen from a group consisting of polyethylene wax, soy wax, paraffin wax, and beeswax, at least one thermoplastic binder material including a polyethylene, titanium dioxide, and optionally at least one additive.

Writing compositions capable of undergoing a color development when brought into contact with a specific substrate including a color change-inducing compound are provided. Application of the writing compositions to surfaces other than the intended substrate will avoid color development and prevent staining of the unintended surfaces. The writing compositions include at least one particulate filler including a clay, at least one leuco dye, one or more waxes chosen from a group consisting of polyethylene wax, soy wax, paraffin wax, and beeswax, at least one thermoplastic binder material including a polyethylene, titanium dioxide, and optionally at least one additive.

A method of making a coating applied to an article is provided. The method includes preparing at least one substrate on the article to be coated, to obtain at least one prepared substrate. The method further includes preparing the coating, obtained by disposing a plurality of high density metal pellets in an adhesive material, to form a metal adhesive matrix, and adding a polymer material over the metal adhesive matrix. The plurality of high density metal pellets is in an amount of at least 90% (ninety percent) by weight of the total weight percent of the coating. The method further includes applying the coating to the prepared substrate, to obtain a mass-enhanced, coated article. The coating thickness and the amount of high density metal pellets are sufficient to provide an attenuation of vibration of the coated article and a reduced risk of unwanted ergonomic effects.