Proppant embedment can sometimes be problematic during fracturing operations. A partially oxidized, amine-functionalized polysaccharide comprising a plurality of oxidatively opened monosaccharide units and bearing an amine moiety at one or more sites of oxidative opening may lessen the amount of proppant embedment that occurs. Fracturing methods may comprise providing a fracturing fluid comprising such a partially oxidized, amine-functionalized polysaccharide and a plurality of proppant particulates, introducing the fracturing fluid into a subterranean formation at a hydraulic pressure sufficient to create or extend one or more fractures therein, such that at least a portion of the plurality of proppant particulates become localized in the one or more fractures, and releasing the hydraulic pressure. Upon releasing the hydraulic pressure, embedment of the proppant particulates in a face of the one or more fractures is about 10% to about 40% of a grain size of the proppant particulates. Regain permeability may also increase.

A slurry composition that includes (A) a solvent, (B) a suspension aid, (D) an alkoxylated fatty amine, (E) an active ingredient, and optionally (C) a polar activator. The slurry composition may be formulated with up to 75 wt. % of the active ingredient (E), based on a total weight of the slurry composition, and remain as a pumpable and stable suspension. A concentrated slurry base is also disclosed which includes the solvent (A), the suspension aid (B), the polar activator (C), and the alkoxylated fatty amine (D), all being present at a higher concentration in the concentrated slurry base than a slurry composition made therefrom. A method of treating a subterranean formation is also disclosed, whereby the slurry composition is mixed with an aqueous fluid to form a treatment fluid, and the treatment fluid is introduced through a wellbore penetrating the subterranean formation.

A slurry composition that includes (A) a solvent, (B) a suspension aid, (D) an alkoxylated fatty amine, (E) an active ingredient, and optionally (C) a polar activator. The slurry composition may be formulated with up to 75 wt. % of the active ingredient (E), based on a total weight of the slurry composition, and remain as a pumpable and stable suspension. A concentrated slurry base is also disclosed which includes the solvent (A), the suspension aid (B), the polar activator (C), and the alkoxylated fatty amine (D), all being present at a higher concentration in the concentrated slurry base than a slurry composition made therefrom. A method of treating a subterranean formation is also disclosed, whereby the slurry composition is mixed with an aqueous fluid to form a treatment fluid, and the treatment fluid is introduced through a wellbore penetrating the subterranean formation.

Proppant embedment can sometimes be problematic during fracturing operations. A partially oxidized, amine-functionalized polysaccharide comprising a plurality of oxidatively opened monosaccharide units and bearing an amine moiety at one or more sites of oxidative opening may lessen the amount of proppant embedment that occurs. Fracturing methods may comprise providing a fracturing fluid comprising such a partially oxidized, amine-functionalized polysaccharide and a plurality of proppant particulates, introducing the fracturing fluid into a subterranean formation at a hydraulic pressure sufficient to create or extend one or more fractures therein, such that at least a portion of the plurality of proppant particulates become localized in the one or more fractures, and releasing the hydraulic pressure. Upon releasing the hydraulic pressure, embedment of the proppant particulates in a face of the one or more fractures is about 10% to about 40% of a grain size of the proppant particulates.

Proppant embedment can sometimes be problematic during fracturing operations. A partially oxidized, amine-functionalized polysaccharide comprising a plurality of oxidatively opened monosaccharide units and bearing an amine moiety at one or more sites of oxidative opening may lessen the amount of proppant embedment that occurs. Fracturing methods may comprise providing a fracturing fluid comprising such a partially oxidized, amine-functionalized polysaccharide and a plurality of proppant particulates, introducing the fracturing fluid into a subterranean formation at a hydraulic pressure sufficient to create or extend one or more fractures therein, such that at least a portion of the plurality of proppant particulates become localized in the one or more fractures, and releasing the hydraulic pressure. Upon releasing the hydraulic pressure, embedment of the proppant particulates in a face of the one or more fractures is about 10% to about 40% of a grain size of the proppant particulates.

According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for hydraulic fracturing includes pumping a hydraulic fracturing fluid through a wellbore into a subterranean formation at a pressure greater than a fracturing pressure of the subterranean formation. The hydraulic fracturing fluid may include an aqueous base fluid and a clay stabilizer consisting of one or more polyethylene polyamines having a first structure H.sub.2NCH.sub.2CH.sub.2(NHCH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.xNH.sub.2, where x is an integer greater than or equal to 3. The amount of the clay stabilizer may be from 1 lb.sub.m/bbl to 20 lb.sub.m/bbl relative to the total volume of the hydraulic fracturing fluid. The average molecular weight of the polyethylene polyamines in the hydraulic fracturing fluid having the first chemical structure may be from 200 g/mol to 400 g/mol. All of the polyethylene polyamines in the hydraulic fracturing fluid having the first chemical structure may be encompassed in the clay stabilizer.

Compositions and methods for inhibiting dissolution of carbonates in a subterranean formation are provided. In some embodiments, the methods comprise: providing a treatment fluid that comprises a base fluid and a carbonate dissolution inhibiting additive; contacting a portion of a carbonate-bearing subterranean formation with the treatment fluid; and allowing the carbonate dissolution inhibiting additive to chemically interact with the portion of the carbonate-bearing subterranean formation to inhibit dissolution of one or more carbonate minerals in the formation, whereby the susceptibility of at least a portion of the carbonate-bearing subterranean formation to fluid-induced damage is decreased.

Methods of controlling clay swelling and stabilizing subterranean geological formations containing swellable clays (e.g., montmorillonite, bentonite) are described. The methods involve treating the swellable clays with a composition containing an amidoamine-based gemini surfactant. The gemini surfactant has dual chains connected via an alkylene linker, whereby each chain contains a quaternary ammonium head group and an ethoxylated alkyl tail. As examined by linear swelling and free swelling tests, use of the gemini surfactant is effective in reducing swelling of the clays.

Reservoir stimulation treatment diversion methods, systems, and compositions. One method includes identifying a reservoir requiring liquid stimulation treatment in a lesser-permeability portion of the reservoir. The method includes identifying a greater-permeability portion of the reservoir, the greater-permeability portion of the reservoir having a greater permeability than the lesser-permeability portion. The method also includes disposing a gas in the greater-permeability portion of the reservoir; injecting a liquid stimulation treatment into the reservoir, and allowing the gas in the greater-permeability portion of the reservoir to divert the liquid stimulation treatment into the lesser-permeability portion to stimulate fluid production from the lesser-permeability portion of the reservoir.

Methods of controlling clay swelling and stabilizing subterranean geological formations containing swellable clays (e.g., montmorillonite, bentonite) are described. The methods involve treating the swellable clays with a composition containing an amidoamine-based gemini surfactant. The gemini surfactant has dual chains connected via an alkylene linker, whereby each chain contains a quaternary ammonium head group and an ethoxylated alkyl tail. As examined by linear swelling and free swelling tests, use of the gemini surfactant is effective in reducing swelling of the clays.