Compounds containing indolocarbazole compounds of Formula I or Formula II comprising terphenyl groups and compounds of Formula III comprising triazine groups are disclosed in this application. These compounds are useful for application in organic electroluminescent devices. ##STR00001##

Provided are a compound of Formula 1; an organic electric element comprising a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic material layer formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, comprising a mixture of a compound of Formula 1 and a compound of Formula 2, or comprising a compound of Formula 3, a subgenus of Formula 1, in the organic material layer; and an electronic device comprising the element, which has lowered driving voltage and increased luminous efficiency and life time.

A compound of Formula I ##STR00001## wherein X.sup.1, X.sup.2, X.sup.3, and X.sup.4 are independently selected from the group consisting of CR.sup.A and N; X.sup.5, X.sup.6, X.sup.7, and X.sup.8 are independently selected from the group consisting of CR.sup.B and N; Y is selected from the group consisting of NR.sup.2, O, S, CR.sup.3R.sup.4, SiR.sup.3R.sup.4 and GeR.sup.3R.sup.4; Z is selected from the group consisting of B, SiR.sup.5, and GeR.sup.6;
wherein R.sup.A and R.sup.B represent mono to the maximum allowable substitution, or no substitution; and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, silyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, nitrile, and combinations thereof. The compounds of Formula I will have at least one of R.sup.A, R.sup.B, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 that comprises a structure selected from the group consisting of: ##STR00002## wherein X is selected from the group consisting of NR.sup.7, O, S and Se; and X.sup.9-X.sup.41 are each independently selected from the group consisting of C and N; and at least one of X.sup.34-X.sup.41 is N. We also describe an OLED comprising an organic layer that includes a compound of Formula I and a consumer product that includes the OLED.

A quantum dot film includes a plurality of sealed microcells. The microcells may be formed within a layer of polymeric material and sealed with a sealing material. Also, the microcells may contain a dispersion of a solvent and a plurality of quantum dots. A method of making a quantum dot film includes providing a layer of polymeric material having a plurality of open microcells, filling the plurality of open microcells with a dispersion of a solvent and plurality of quantum dots, and sealing the microcells.

An upconversion nanoparticle includes at least one host selected from LiYF.sub.4, NaY, NaYF.sub.4, NaGdF.sub.4, and CaF.sub.3, at least one sensitizer selected from Sm.sup.3+, Nd.sup.3+, Dy.sup.3+, Ho.sup.3+, and Yb.sup.3+ doped in the at least one host, and at least one activator selected from Er.sup.3+, Ho.sup.3+, Tm.sup.3+, and Eu.sup.3+ doped in the at least one host. The upconversion nanoparticle is designed using a calculation from first principles to absorb light in the near-infrared wavelength range whose stability is ensured. Further, a hyaluronic acid-upconversion nanoparticle conjugate, in which the upconversion nanoparticle as described above is bonded to hyaluronic acid, is provided to be used in various internal sites with a hyaluronic acid receptor, particularly enables targeting, and increases an internal retention period and biocompatibility thereof.

A light-emitting particle comprising a core comprising a matrix material and a light-emitting system comprising a polymer and a shell layer comprising an inorganic oxide in contact with and surrounding the core.

A display panel and manufacturing method thereof are provided. The display panel includes a substrate, a first electrode, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, an organic electroluminescent layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, and a second electrode arranged sequentially. The electron blocking layer corresponding to a red sub-pixel region of the organic electroluminescent layer is made of a p-type red light host material. Accordingly, the present invention effectively simplifies a manufacturing process, adjusts and balances charge carriers, and improves device performance.

An electroluminescent device and a display device including the same. The electroluminescent device includes a first electrode and a second electrode facing each other; a light emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the light emitting layer including a quantum dot; a hole transport layer disposed between the light emitting layer and the first electrode; and an electron transport layer disposed between the light emitting layer and the second electrode, wherein the hole transport layer, the light emitting layer, or a combination thereof includes thermally activated delayed fluorescence material, and the thermally activated delayed fluorescence material is present in an amount of greater than or equal to about 0.01 wt % and less than about 10 weight percent (wt %), based on 100 wt % of the hole transport layer, the light emitting layer, or the combination thereof including the thermally activated delayed fluorescence material.

Provided are a photosensitive resin composition having low viscosity and high compatibility prepared by providing a semiconductor nanoparticle-ligand composite comprising a ligand represented by Formula 1, an optical film having uniform and remarkably excellent quantum efficiency using the photosensitive resin composition, and an electroluminescent diode comprising the optical film and an electronic device comprising an electroluminescent diode.

An ink composition includes: a quantum dot including one or more ligands on a surface thereof; a first monomer including one or more epoxy groups; and a second monomer including one or more oxetane groups, wherein the one or more ligands include one or more polar moieties. An electronic apparatus includes a film formed utilizing the ink composition.