The present invention provides a method and probe for determining colibactin and a colibactin-producing bacterium. According to the present invention, there is provided a fluorescent probe for detecting myristoyl asparagine using, for example, a tissue sample and a fecal sample and detecting enzyme activity of ClbP.

The present invention provides a method and probe for determining colibactin and a colibactin-producing bacterium. According to the present invention, there is provided a fluorescent probe for detecting myristoyl asparagine using, for example, a tissue sample and a fecal sample and detecting enzyme activity of ClbP.

Provided is an electrochemical luminescent cell 10 having a luminescent layer 12 and electrodes 13, 14 provided on each surface of the luminescent layer 12. The luminescent layer 12 comprises an organic polymeric luminescent material and a combination of at least two organic salts. In particular, the luminescent layer preferably comprises a combination of at least two types of ionic liquids represented by formula (1) (wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represent an optionally-substituted alkyl group, alkoxy alkyl group, trialkylsilylalkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, aryl group or heterocylic group. R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 may be the same or different. M represents N or P. X.sup.− represents an anion.)

Provided is an electrochemical luminescent cell 10 having a luminescent layer 12 and electrodes 13, 14 provided on each surface of the luminescent layer 12. The luminescent layer 12 comprises an organic polymeric luminescent material and a combination of at least two organic salts. In particular, the luminescent layer preferably comprises a combination of at least two types of ionic liquids represented by formula (1) (wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represent an optionally-substituted alkyl group, alkoxy alkyl group, trialkylsilylalkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, aryl group or heterocylic group. R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 may be the same or different. M represents N or P. X.sup.− represents an anion.)

A conversion layer, a light emitting device and a method for producing a conversion layer are disclosed. In an embodiment a conversion layer includes light-converting nanocrystals, an encapsulation surrounding the light-converting nanocrystals and ligands bonded to a surface of the encapsulation, wherein encapsulated light-converting nanocrystals are crosslinked by the ligands.

A microcapsule, method, and article of manufacture are disclosed. The microcapsule includes an outer shell, a molecular sensitizer, a molecular annihilator, and an inner shell separating the molecular sensitizer from the molecular annihilator. The method includes forming microcapsules, each microcapsule having an outer shell, a molecular sensitizer, a molecular annihilator, and an inner shell separating the molecular sensitizer from the molecular annihilator. The article of manufacture includes at least one of the microcapsules.

A microcapsule, method, and article of manufacture are disclosed. The microcapsule includes an outer shell, a molecular sensitizer, a molecular annihilator, and an inner shell separating the molecular sensitizer from the molecular annihilator. The method includes forming microcapsules, each microcapsule having an outer shell, a molecular sensitizer, a molecular annihilator, and an inner shell separating the molecular sensitizer from the molecular annihilator. The article of manufacture includes at least one of the microcapsules.

A composition, method, and article of manufacture are disclosed. The composition is a microcapsule that includes a transparent shell encapsulating a mixture comprising light upconversion molecules. The method is a method of forming a microcapsule, which includes obtaining light upconversion molecules, forming an emulsion of the light upconversion molecules and a shell formation solution, and encapsulating the light upconversion molecules in a transparent shell. The article of manufacture comprises the microcapsule.

The present invention provides turn-ON dioxetane-based chemiluminescence probes based on the Schapp's adamantylidene-dioxetane probe, which emit light in the near-infrared (NIR) region and are therefore useful for in vivo imaging, as well as compositions and uses thereof.

An organic light emitting device and a display apparatus are provided. The organic light emitting device includes an anode, a cathode and a light-emitting layer arranged between the anode and the cathode, wherein a doped structure layer is arranged between the anode and the light-emitting layer, the doped structure layer comprises a host material and a guest material doped in the host material, and the host material and the guest material satisfy:

−1.5eV<|LUMO(A)|−|HOMO(B)|<1.5eV;

LUMO(A) is the lowest unoccupied molecular orbit (LUMO) energy level of the host material, and HOMO(B) is the highest occupied molecular orbit (HOMO) energy level of the guest material.