A coating composition includes: (i) a film-forming resin; (ii) an infrared reflective pigment; and (iii) an infrared fluorescent pigment different from the infrared reflective pigment. When the coating composition is cured to form a coating and exposed to radiation comprising fluorescence-exciting radiation, the coating has a greater effective solar reflectance (ESR) compared to the same coating exposed to the radiation comprising fluorescence-exciting radiation except without the infrared fluorescent pigment. A multi-layer coating including the coating composition, and a substrate at least partially coated with the coating composition is also disclosed. A method of reducing temperature of an article includes applying the coating composition to at least a portion of the article.

A coating composition includes: (i) a film-forming resin; (ii) an infrared reflective pigment; and (iii) an infrared fluorescent pigment different from the infrared reflective pigment. When the coating composition is cured to form a coating and exposed to radiation comprising fluorescence-exciting radiation, the coating has a greater effective solar reflectance (ESR) compared to the same coating exposed to the radiation comprising fluorescence-exciting radiation except without the infrared fluorescent pigment. A multi-layer coating including the coating composition, and a substrate at least partially coated with the coating composition is also disclosed. A method of reducing temperature of an article includes applying the coating composition to at least a portion of the article.

A stabilized fluoride phosphor for light emitting diode (LED) applications includes a particle comprising manganese-activated potassium fluorosilicate and an inorganic coating on each of the particles. The inorganic coating comprises a silicate. A method of making a stabilized fluoride phosphor comprises forming a reaction mixture that includes particles comprising a manganese-activated potassium fluorosilicate; a reactive silicate precursor; a catalyst; a solvent; and water in an amount no greater than about 10 vol. %. The reaction mixture is agitated to suspend the particles therein. As the reactive silicate precursor undergoes hydrolysis and condensation in the reaction mixture, an inorganic coating comprising a silicate is formed on the particles. Thus, a stabilized fluoride phosphor is formed.

A phosphorescent phosphor having a high afterglow luminance is provided. The phosphorescent phosphor comprises, as a matrix, a compound represented by MAl.sub.2O.sub.4, the metal element represented by M comprising Sr, Mg and Ba, and the phosphorescent phosphor containing, Eu as an activator, and Dy as a co-activator, wherein the content of Eu, in terms of molar ratio, is 0.001Eu/(M+Eu+Dy)0.05; the content of Dy, in terms of molar ratio, is 0.004Dy/(M+Eu+Dy)0.06; the content of Mg, in terms of molar ratio, is 0.02Mg/(M+Eu+Dy)0.1; the content of Ba, in terms of molar ratio, is 0.03Ba/(M+Eu+Dy)0.15; and the phosphorescent phosphor contains at least one alkali metal element of the group consisting of Li, Na, K and rubidium (Rb). Mg and Ba as well as the alkali metal element(s) contained in the phosphorescent phosphor provide an excellent phosphorescent phosphor having a high afterglow luminance.

An apparatus for individually trapping atoms, individually imaging the atoms, and individually cooling the atoms to prevent loss of the atoms from the trap caused by the imaging. The apparatus can be implemented in various quantum computing, sensing, and metrology applications (e.g., in an atomic clock).

An apparatus for individually trapping atoms, individually imaging the atoms, and individually cooling the atoms to prevent loss of the atoms from the trap caused by the imaging. The apparatus can be implemented in various quantum computing, sensing, and metrology applications (e.g., in an atomic clock).

Provided is a phosphor represented by the general formula: A.sub.2MF.sub.6:Mn. The elements A each represents an alkali metal element, the element M represents one or more tetravalent metallic elements selected from Si, Ge, Sn, Ti, Zr and Hf. The phosphor has a minimal light absorption rate in a wavelength range of 300 nm or more and 350 nm or less of 67% or less, and a maximum light absorption rate in a wavelength range of 400 nm or more and 500 nm or less of 65% or more. The phosphor has a Mn content of 0.3% by mass or more and 1.5% by mass or less.

Provided is a phosphor represented by the general formula: A.sub.2MF.sub.6:Mn. The elements A each represents an alkali metal element, the element M represents one or more tetravalent metallic elements selected from Si, Ge, Sn, Ti, Zr and Hf. The phosphor has a minimal light absorption rate in a wavelength range of 300 nm or more and 350 nm or less of 67% or less, and a maximum light absorption rate in a wavelength range of 400 nm or more and 500 nm or less of 65% or more. The phosphor has a Mn content of 0.3% by mass or more and 1.5% by mass or less.

A stabilized fluoride phosphor for light emitting diode (LED) applications includes a particle comprising manganese-activated potassium fluorosilicate and an inorganic coating on each of the particles. The inorganic coating comprises a silicate. A method of making a stabilized fluoride phosphor comprises forming a reaction mixture that includes particles comprising a manganese-activated potassium fluorosilicate; a reactive silicate precursor; a catalyst; a solvent; and water in an amount no greater than about 10 vol. %. The reaction mixture is agitated to suspend the particles therein. As the reactive silicate precursor undergoes hydrolysis and condensation in the reaction mixture, an inorganic coating comprising a silicate is formed on the particles. Thus, a stabilized fluoride phosphor is formed.

A gamma radiation detecting device includes a scintillation detector that detects gamma radiation, the detector comprising a scintillation material that includes an element that creates, by neutron activation of the element, an isotope that emits gamma radiation, and a processor configured to monitor the gamma radiation emitted by the isotope, thereby detecting exposure of the gamma radiation detecting device to neutron radiation.