The present disclosure relates to a method of printing multi-nanoparticles using evaporation dynamics and surface energy control, the method includes: a step S1 of forming a pattern on a surface of a substrate by irradiating ultraviolet rays to a portion of the surface through a photomask; a step S2 of coating the substrate with a solution containing nanoparticles; and a step S3 of lowering surface energy of the coated nanoparticles.

A sensor uses a combination of biocompatible quantum dots and an organic fluorophore in a controlled ratio. The organic fluorophore exhibits fluorescence of a first color, and the biocompatible quantum dots are sized to exhibit fluorescence of a second color different from the first color. The biocompatible quantum dots are functionalized with an organic coating arranged to chemically interact with a substance to quench the fluorescence of the quantum dots. The sensor exhibits a ratio of fluorescence of the quantum dots and the organic fluorophore from which a presence of the substance can be detected.

A sensor uses a combination of biocompatible quantum dots and an organic fluorophore in a controlled ratio. The organic fluorophore exhibits fluorescence of a first color, and the biocompatible quantum dots are sized to exhibit fluorescence of a second color different from the first color. The biocompatible quantum dots are functionalized with an organic coating arranged to chemically interact with a substance to quench the fluorescence of the quantum dots. The sensor exhibits a ratio of fluorescence of the quantum dots and the organic fluorophore from which a presence of the substance can be detected.

A quantum dot including a semiconductor crystal particle having a particle diameter of 20 nm or less, and a ligand having two or more functional groups for interaction with the semiconductor crystal particle coordinates to two or more sites on a surface of the semiconductor crystal particle. A quantum dot with enhanced stability through surface modification on the semiconductor crystal particle by using a ligand which has two or more functional groups for interaction with the semiconductor crystal particle, and which coordinates to two or more sites on the semiconductor particle surface.

A quantum dot including a semiconductor crystal particle having a particle diameter of 20 nm or less, and a ligand having two or more functional groups for interaction with the semiconductor crystal particle coordinates to two or more sites on a surface of the semiconductor crystal particle. A quantum dot with enhanced stability through surface modification on the semiconductor crystal particle by using a ligand which has two or more functional groups for interaction with the semiconductor crystal particle, and which coordinates to two or more sites on the semiconductor particle surface.

A hydroxyl-covered silicon quantum dot nanoparticle having a silicon core, a plurality of silicon quantum dots, and a plurality of hydrocarbon chains is illustrated. A first portion of a surface associated with the silicon core is passivated by a plurality of silicon hydroxyl groups (Si—OH). The silicon quantum dots are attached to a second portion of the surface associated with the silicon core. The hydrocarbon chains are bonded to each of the silicon quantum dots through a plurality of silicon carbide bonds (Si—C), wherein each termination of the hydrocarbon chains has a carbon hydroxyl group (C—OH), such that the hydroxyl-covered silicon quantum dot nanoparticle is thoroughly covered by the carbon hydroxyl groups (C—OH) and the silicon hydroxyl groups (Si—OH).

A hydroxyl-covered silicon quantum dot nanoparticle having a silicon core, a plurality of silicon quantum dots, and a plurality of hydrocarbon chains is illustrated. A first portion of a surface associated with the silicon core is passivated by a plurality of silicon hydroxyl groups (Si—OH). The silicon quantum dots are attached to a second portion of the surface associated with the silicon core. The hydrocarbon chains are bonded to each of the silicon quantum dots through a plurality of silicon carbide bonds (Si—C), wherein each termination of the hydrocarbon chains has a carbon hydroxyl group (C—OH), such that the hydroxyl-covered silicon quantum dot nanoparticle is thoroughly covered by the carbon hydroxyl groups (C—OH) and the silicon hydroxyl groups (Si—OH).

Disclosed is a method for manufacturing crystals of aluminates of one or more element(s) other than aluminium, referred to as “A. The method includes: placing starting reagents, including at least one aluminium element source and a source of the element(s) A that has a degree of oxidation of between 1 and 6, in suspension in a liquid medium, forming a suspension referred to as the “starting suspension”; milling the starting suspension at ≤50° C., in a three-dimensional liquid medium ball mill for ≤5 minutes; recovering, at the outlet of the three-dimensional ball mill, a suspension referred to as the “end suspension” including the starting reagents in activated form or crystals of aluminate of the element(s) A generally in hydrated form; if required, calcination of the end suspension when it includes the starting reagents in activated form, to obtain generally non-hydrated crystals of aluminate of the element(s) A.

Provided is a phosphor represented by a composition of the following formula (1),

(Sr.sub.a,Ba.sub.b,Ca.sub.c,Eu.sub.x,M.sup.1.sub.d,M.sup.2.sub.e)SiO.sub.f.gMgO  formula (1)

(here, M.sup.1 represents at least one group 3 element selected from Lu and Sc, M.sup.2 represents an alkali metal element selected from Li, Na, and K, and 0<a≦2, 0<b≦2, 0≦c≦2, 0.0015≦d≦0.045, 0≦e≦0.06, 0<x≦0.1, 3.7≦f≦4.1, and 0≦g≦1 are satisfied). In addition, provided is a light-emitting device including the phosphor and a light source for irradiating the phosphor with excitation light to cause the phosphor to emit light.

A stabilized fluoride phosphor for light emitting diode (LED) applications includes a particle comprising manganese-activated potassium fluorosilicate and an inorganic coating on each of the particles. The inorganic coating comprises a silicate. A method of making a stabilized fluoride phosphor comprises forming a reaction mixture that includes particles comprising a manganese-activated potassium fluorosilicate; a reactive silicate precursor; a catalyst; a solvent; and water in an amount no greater than about 10 vol. %. The reaction mixture is agitated to suspend the particles therein. As the reactive silicate precursor undergoes hydrolysis and condensation in the reaction mixture, an inorganic coating comprising a silicate is formed on the particles. Thus, a stabilized fluoride phosphor is formed.