In one aspect, the disclosure relates to multicolored carbon quantum dot nanoparticles (Cdots), “one-pot” methods of making same starting from coal and using mild reaction conditions, and applications of the same. The disclosed methods are safe and environmentally benign as well as inexpensive. Additionally, the disclosed carbon quantum dot nanoparticles are stable and have tunable properties based on reaction conditions used for their synthesis.

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to multicolored carbon quantum dot nanoparticles (Cdots), “one-pot” methods of making same starting from coal and using mild reaction conditions, and applications of the same. The disclosed methods are safe and environmentally benign as well as inexpensive. Additionally, the disclosed carbon quantum dot nanoparticles are stable and have tunable properties based on reaction conditions used for their synthesis.

Various embodiments provide carbon dots emitting light having multiple colors and a method of fabricating the same. According to various embodiments, the carbon dots include at least two structural characteristics. At least two emission levels indicative of different emission wavelengths, respectively, may be introduced into the carbon dots based on the structural characteristics. A ratio of emission colors of the carbon dots may be adjusted when the carbon dots are synthesized or after the carbon dots are synthesized.

Various embodiments provide carbon dots emitting light having multiple colors and a method of fabricating the same. According to various embodiments, the carbon dots include at least two structural characteristics. At least two emission levels indicative of different emission wavelengths, respectively, may be introduced into the carbon dots based on the structural characteristics. A ratio of emission colors of the carbon dots may be adjusted when the carbon dots are synthesized or after the carbon dots are synthesized.

Disclosed herein is a carbon nanodot-polyacrylic acid composite hydrogel including a polyacrylic acid-based gel matrix having carboxyl groups, and a plurality of fluorescent carbon nanodots having amino groups on surfaces thereof. The fluorescent carbon nanodots are formed by subjecting polyethylenimine and hydrochloric acid to a hydrothermal reaction, and are distributed in the polyacrylic acid-based gel matrix. The amino groups of the fluorescent carbon nanodots are covalently bonded with the carboxyl groups of the polyacrylic acid-based gel matrix. Also disclosed herein are a method for preparing and a formulation for forming a carbon nanodot-polyacrylic acid composite hydrogel.

Disclosed herein is a carbon nanodot-polyacrylic acid composite hydrogel including a polyacrylic acid-based gel matrix having carboxyl groups, and a plurality of fluorescent carbon nanodots having amino groups on surfaces thereof. The fluorescent carbon nanodots are formed by subjecting polyethylenimine and hydrochloric acid to a hydrothermal reaction, and are distributed in the polyacrylic acid-based gel matrix. The amino groups of the fluorescent carbon nanodots are covalently bonded with the carboxyl groups of the polyacrylic acid-based gel matrix. Also disclosed herein are a method for preparing and a formulation for forming a carbon nanodot-polyacrylic acid composite hydrogel.

A material for an electronic device includes a substance arranged to emit light in a predetermined range of wavelength upon receiving an excitation energy, wherein the substance includes a plurality of carbon nitride particles and a siloxane material. A method of producing the material and a light emitting device including the material are also described.

A material for an electronic device includes a substance arranged to emit light in a predetermined range of wavelength upon receiving an excitation energy, wherein the substance includes a plurality of carbon nitride particles and a siloxane material. A method of producing the material and a light emitting device including the material are also described.

An object is to provide a composition containing a boron-containing carbon quantum dot, the composition being in a solid state at room temperature, having good emission efficiency, and further having high thermal stability at high temperatures. The composition to achieve the above object contains: a boron-containing carbon quantum dot containing boron as a heteroatom; and a layered clay mineral, and the composition is solid at 25° C. and 1 atm.

An object is to provide a composition containing a boron-containing carbon quantum dot, the composition being in a solid state at room temperature, having good emission efficiency, and further having high thermal stability at high temperatures. The composition to achieve the above object contains: a boron-containing carbon quantum dot containing boron as a heteroatom; and a layered clay mineral, and the composition is solid at 25° C. and 1 atm.