A composition comprising: (a) a flammable refrigerant; and (b) at least one organic compound selected from the group consisting of halogenated hydrocarbons individually represented by the following formulas: CF.sub.nW.sub.(4-n), wherein each W is the same or different and represents Cl, Br, or I, and n represents 1 or 2, with the proviso that the case in which n is 2, and all W are Cl, and the case in which n is 2, and all W are Br, are excluded; CF.sub.3CX.sub.3, wherein each X is the same or different and represents F, Cl, Br, or I, with the proviso that the case in which all X are F is excluded; CF.sub.3CF.sub.2CY.sub.3, wherein each Y is the same or different and represents F, Cl, Br, or I, with the proviso that the case in which all Y are F is excluded; and CF.sub.3CF.sub.2CF.sub.2CZ.sub.3, wherein each Z is the same or different and represents F, Cl, Br, or I, with the proviso that the case in which all Z are F is excluded. The composition has reduced flammability and maintains sufficient refrigerating capacity compared with when only the flammable refrigerant is used.

A composition comprising: (a) a flammable refrigerant; and (b) at least one organic compound selected from the group consisting of halogenated hydrocarbons individually represented by the following formulas: CF.sub.nW.sub.(4-n), wherein each W is the same or different and represents Cl, Br, or I, and n represents 1 or 2, with the proviso that the case in which n is 2, and all W are Cl, and the case in which n is 2, and all W are Br, are excluded; CF.sub.3CX.sub.3, wherein each X is the same or different and represents F, Cl, Br, or I, with the proviso that the case in which all X are F is excluded; CF.sub.3CF.sub.2CY.sub.3, wherein each Y is the same or different and represents F, Cl, Br, or I, with the proviso that the case in which all Y are F is excluded; and CF.sub.3CF.sub.2CF.sub.2CZ.sub.3, wherein each Z is the same or different and represents F, Cl, Br, or I, with the proviso that the case in which all Z are F is excluded. The composition has reduced flammability and maintains sufficient refrigerating capacity compared with when only the flammable refrigerant is used.

Disclosed are compositions comprising HCFC-243db, HCFO-1233xf, HCFC-244db and/or HFO-1234yf and at least one additional compound. For the composition comprising 1234yf, the additional compound is selected from the group consisting of HFO-1234ze, HFO-1243zf, HCFC-243db, HCFC-244db, HFC-245cb, HFC-245fa, HCFO-1233xf, HCFO-1233zd, HCFC-253fb, HCFC-234ab, HCFC-243fa, ethylene, HFC-23, CFC-13, HFC-143a, HFC-152a, HFC-236fa, HCO-1130, HCO-1130a, HFO-1336, HCFC-133a, HCFC-254fb, CHF═CHCl, HFO-1141, HCFO-1242zf, HCFO-1223xd, HCFC-233ab, HCFC-226ba, and HFC-227ca. Compositions comprising HCFC-243db, HCFO-1233xf, and/or HCFC-244db are useful in processes to make HFO-1234yf. Compositions comprising HFO-1234yf are useful, among other uses, as heat transfer compositions for use in refrigeration, air-conditioning and heat pump systems.

Disclosed are compositions comprising HCFC-243db, HCFO-1233xf, HCFC-244db and/or HFO-1234yf and at least one additional compound. For the composition comprising 1234yf, the additional compound is selected from the group consisting of HFO-1234ze, HFO-1243zf, HCFC-243db, HCFC-244db, HFC-245cb, HFC-245fa, HCFO-1233xf, HCFO-1233zd, HCFC-253fb, HCFC-234ab, HCFC-243fa, ethylene, HFC-23, CFC-13, HFC-143a, HFC-152a, HFC-236fa, HCO-1130, HCO-1130a, HFO-1336, HCFC-133a, HCFC-254fb, CHF═CHCl, HFO-1141, HCFO-1242zf, HCFO-1223xd, HCFC-233ab, HCFC-226ba, and HFC-227ca. Compositions comprising HCFC-243db, HCFO-1233xf, and/or HCFC-244db are useful in processes to make HFO-1234yf. Compositions comprising HFO-1234yf are useful, among other uses, as heat transfer compositions for use in refrigeration, air-conditioning and heat pump systems.

The invention relates to an anti-vibration device (100), for example intended for a railroad application, comprising: a first frame (10), a second frame (20), a shock absorbing structure (30) for the vibrations, situated between the two frames (10, 20), and at least one fire barrier layer (40) at least partially covering the shock absorbing structure (30);
characterized in that said at least one fire barrier layer (40) is a polychloroprene-based elastomer including at least one fire retardance agent chosen from among alumina trihydrate or magnesium hydroxide.

A flame retardant product that contains an aqueous solution that includes a hydroxylated carbon-based component, an intumescent agent suitable for at least partially or even completely dehydrating the hydroxylated carbon-based component in such a way as to generate, under the effect of heat, a carbonaceous foam, and a thixotropic agent, selected to have a viscosity that increases as a result of water being added in the absence of shear. The solution has a sufficient concentration of the hydroxylated carbon-based component and the intumescent agent so that an addition of water to said solution increases the viscosity thereof in the absence of shear. The content by weight of the hydroxylated carbon-based component is greater than 10%.

A flame retardant product that contains an aqueous solution that includes a hydroxylated carbon-based component, an intumescent agent suitable for at least partially or even completely dehydrating the hydroxylated carbon-based component in such a way as to generate, under the effect of heat, a carbonaceous foam, and a thixotropic agent, selected to have a viscosity that increases as a result of water being added in the absence of shear. The solution has a sufficient concentration of the hydroxylated carbon-based component and the intumescent agent so that an addition of water to said solution increases the viscosity thereof in the absence of shear. The content by weight of the hydroxylated carbon-based component is greater than 10%.

The present disclosure provides a composition. The composition includes a silanol functionalized polyolefin; an anhydride-free brominated flame retardant; antimony trioxide; and the composition has an antimony (Sb) to bromine (Br) molar ratio (Sb:Br molar ratio) from 0.37 to 1.05. The present disclosure also provides a coated conductor. The coated conductor includes a conductor and a coating on the conductor, the coating including a composition. The composition includes a silanol functionalized polyolefin; an anhydride-free brominated flame retardant; antimony trioxide; and the composition has an antimony (Sb) to bromine (Br) molar ratio (Sb:Br molar ratio) from 0.37 to 1.05.

The present disclosure provides a composition. The composition includes a silanol functionalized polyolefin; an anhydride-free brominated flame retardant; antimony trioxide; and the composition has an antimony (Sb) to bromine (Br) molar ratio (Sb:Br molar ratio) from 0.37 to 1.05. The present disclosure also provides a coated conductor. The coated conductor includes a conductor and a coating on the conductor, the coating including a composition. The composition includes a silanol functionalized polyolefin; an anhydride-free brominated flame retardant; antimony trioxide; and the composition has an antimony (Sb) to bromine (Br) molar ratio (Sb:Br molar ratio) from 0.37 to 1.05.

Disclosed embodiments include hollow composite utility pole, cross arm, and brace structures and methods of manufacture of the same using fire retardant materials. Poles, cross arm, and brace structures may be manufactured using a fire resistant resin impregnated, or resin wetted, filament roving that is wound onto a mandrel, pultruded or otherwise formed into a structural part. Various pole structures and manufacturing methods are described, including chemically bonded sleeve joint structures for poles of varying size.