A recording medium for producing a recorded matter having a three-dimensional image comprises: a substrate; and a foaming layer being provided on the substrate and containing a foaming material which foams with heat and a binder resin. A contact angle of water to a surface of the foaming layer 30 seconds after the water is brought into contact with the surface of the foaming layer is 30° or more and 80° or less, and a ratio of a diameter of a water droplet 30 seconds after the water is brought into contact with the surface of the foaming layer to a diameter of the water droplet 0.01 seconds after the water is brought into contact with the surface of the foaming layer is 1.3 times or less.

Provided is a composition that may include a fluid formulation that is a water-in-oil emulsion, having an organic phase and an aqueous phase, the aqueous phase dispersed in the organic phase. The organic phase may include an organic solvent, an emulsifier, and a wetting agent. The aqueous phase may include water, a chelating agent, and a base. Further provided is a method that may include introducing the composition into a wellbore as a single stage treatment, maintaining the wellbore by shutting-in the well, and hydraulic fracturing the wellbore.

Sulfate and sulfonate derivatives of unsaturated fatty alcohols, processes for making them, and methods of using them are disclosed. In one aspect, a monounsaturated fatty alcohol composition is made by reducing a metathesis-derived monounsaturated alkyl ester. The fatty alcohol composition is then converted to a sulfate or sulfonate derivative by one or more of alkoxylation, sulfation, sulfonation, and sulfitation. Of particular interest are the sulfate and ether sulfate derivatives. Microscopy studies indicate that the unsaturated sodium sulfates in particular have a lamellar phase that should enable formulation at high actives levels. Sulfate compositions comprising 40 to 60 wt. % of a monounsaturated fatty primary alcohol sulfate and 40 to 60 wt. % of a secondary hydroxyalkyl primary alcohol sulfate are also disclosed. The derivatives and sulfate compositions are valuable for many end-use applications, including, for example, agricultural dispersants, water-soluble herbicides, anionic emulsifiers for agricultural use, hard surface cleaners, light-duty liquid detergents, personal cleansers, gas well foamers for oilfield applications, laundry detergents, enhanced oil recovery compositions, latex paints, and specialty foams.

A nano-silver dispersion and a preparation method thereof is disclosed. The method, includes: mixing γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium lauryl sulfate, silver nitrate and water, and conducting a chelation, to obtain a chelating dispersion, wherein before the mixing, the γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is exposed to the air for less than 5 min; and dropwise adding a sodium borohydride solution into the chelating dispersion, to obtain a mixture, and subjecting the mixture to an oxidation-reduction reaction, to obtain the nano-silver dispersion.

There is provided an emulsifier comprising at least one C.sub.8 to C.sub.18 fatty acid diethanolamide, at least one C.sub.12 to C.sub.24 fatty acid, at least one C.sub.6 to C.sub.18 alcohol ethoxylate and optionally at least one sorbitan ester and/or at least one alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether. There is additionally provided emulsions comprising a fuel, water and an emulsifier and methods of producing emulsions.

The object of the present invention is to provide a stabilizer for and a method for stabilizing an emulsion composition emulsified with a non-ionic surfactant. This invention solves the above object by providing a stabilizer for an emulsion composition emulsified with a non-ionic surfactant; the stabilizer comprising a glycosyl naringenin as an effective ingredient, and a method for stabilizing an emulsion composition emulsified with a non-ionic surfactant; the method comprising a step of having a stabilizer that comprises a glycosyl naringenin as an active ingredient mixed and/or contained in a starting material of the emulsion composition, an intermediate product of the emulsion composition, and/or the emulsion composition manufactured.

A surfactant composition including at least one alkyl alkoxylate sulfate anionic surfactant; a process for preparing the surfactant composition; and an emulsion polymerization process using the surfactant composition.

A method for preparing stable liquid emulsion forms of plant extract is provided. A plant extract having a bitter flavor is mixed with diluent oil as an oil mixture and heat is applied to the oil mixture. An emulsifying agent is dispersed in water as an emulsifying solution. The oil mixture is mixed with the emulsifying solution. The mixed oil mixture and emulsifying solution is homogenized as a liquid form of the plant extract. Gluconic acid is added to the liquid form of the plant extract. The bitter flavor of the plant extract is disguised by adding a bitter blocker to the liquid form of the plant extract.

Disclosed are a variety of amphoteric compounds containing a quaternary nitrogen group, a covalently bound counterion, and an ester or amide group. These amphoteric compounds can be advantageously prepared via a chemoenzymatic green process, and exhibit good surfactant properties.

A method for preparing stable liquid emulsion forms of plant extract is provided. A plant extract is mixed with a diluent oil as an oil mixture. Heat is applied to the oil mixture until the mixture reaches a threshold viscosity. An emulsifying agent is dispersed in water as an emulsifying solution. The oil mixture and emulsifying solution are mixed together. The mixed oil mixture and emulsifying solution are homogenized as a liquid form of the plant extract.