Compositions containing 1,1-difluoroethane and 3,3,3-trifluoropropene, that can be used in multiple fields of application. The composition may include from 25 to 65 mol % of 1,1-difluoroethane and from 75 to 35 mol % of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene at a temperature of between 25 C. and 25 C. and a pressure of between 1 and 6 bar. The composition, may further include hydrogen fluoride. The composition may include from 20 to 55 mol % of HF, 30 to 40 mol % of 1,1-difluoroethane and 30 to 40 mol % of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene.

A working fluid for a heat cycle, contains: trifluoroethylene; and a first component consisting of at least one of substance selected from carbon dioxide, fluoromethane, trifluoroiodomethane, methane, ethane, propane, helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, nitrogen and ammonia.

Provided is a high-pressure fluid chromatography system using interior-to-exterior column pressure equalization, and components comprising such a system, including a pressure equalizing vessel which allows for the use of an inner chromatography column that is only able to withstand an interior-to-exterior pressure differential of up to 200 psi.

The mixed refrigerant composition according to embodiments of the present disclosure includes carbon dioxide (R-744), trifluoroiodomethane (R-13I1), and 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a), wherein a sum of contents of the trifluoroiodomethane (R-13I1) and the 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a) based on a total weight of the mixed refrigerant composition may be 60 wt. % or more and less than 100 wt. %. Accordingly, environmental pollution caused by the mixed refrigerant composition may be suppressed, and the cooling performance of the mixed refrigerant composition may be improved.

A working fluid for a heat cycle, contains: trifluoroethylene; and a first component consisting of at least one of substance selected from carbon dioxide, fluoromethane, trifluoroiodomethane, methane, ethane, propane, helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, nitrogen and ammonia.

Provided is a chiller and system that may be utilized in a supercritical fluid chromatography method, wherein a non-polar solvent may replace a portion or all of a polar solvent for the purpose of separating or extracting desired sample molecules from a combined sample/solvent stream. The system may reduce the amount of polar solvent necessary for chromatographic separation and/or extraction of desired samples. The system may incorporate a supercritical fluid chiller, a supercritical fluid pressure-equalizing vessel and a supercritical fluid cyclonic separator. The supercritical fluid chiller allows for efficient and consistent pumping of liquid-phase gases employing off-the-shelf HPLC pumps. The pressure equalizing vessel allows the use of off-the-shelf HPLC column cartridges. The system may further incorporate the use of one or more disposable cartridges containing silica gel or other suitable medium. The system may also utilize an open loop cooling circuit using fluids with a positive Joule-Thomson coefficient.