This deals with a luminescent salt comprising a metal cluster anion and an organic cation, wherein the metal cluster anion comprises a metal cluster with at least two metal atoms, and ligands, the metal atoms being chosen from the group consisting of molybdenum, rhenium, tungsten, thallium, niobium, and mixtures thereof, wherein the organic cation comprises a cationic head substituted by at least one substituent including a polymerizable functional group. It also deals with a polymeric material comprising a polymer matrix which has polymerized with this luminescent salt.

The disclosure relates to hydrophilic quantum dots, a hydrophilic solvent-type quantum dot ink composition including the same, and a light-emitting device and a display that are manufactured by including the same, and more particularly, to hydrophilic quantum dots that are dispersible in a polar solvent with high viscosity, allowing for easy control of viscosity, a hydrophilic solvent-type quantum dot ink composition including the same, and a light-emitting device and a display that include the same.

A composite material emitting white light includes a MOF having a plurality of organic polydentate bridging ligands and a plurality of zirconium cations. The composite material includes at least one guest dye capable of absorbing energy in a wavelength range emitted by the MOF when the MOF is excited. The at least one guest dye includes a chromophore selected from the group consisting of a naphthoxazinium group, an aromatic cyclobutdione group, a 1-benzopyran-2-one group, xanthenylidene-dialkylammonium group, a porphyrin group or a 4-dimethylaminostyryl group a boron-dipyrromethene group and mixtures thereof. The composite material emitting white light is also used in sensors and imaging.

Prior electrochromic devices frequently suffer from high levels of defectivity. The defects may be manifest as pin holes or spots where the electrochromic transition is impaired. This is unacceptable for many applications such as electrochromic architectural glass. Improved electrochromic devices with low defectivity can be fabricated by depositing certain layered components of the electrochromic device in a single integrated deposition system. While these layers are being deposited and/or treated on a substrate, for example a glass window, the substrate never leaves a controlled ambient environment, for example a low pressure controlled atmosphere having very low levels of particles. These layers may be deposited using physical vapor deposition.

Prior electrochromic devices frequently suffer from high levels of defectivity. The defects may be manifest as pin holes or spots where the electrochromic transition is impaired. This is unacceptable for many applications such as electrochromic architectural glass. Improved electrochromic devices with low defectivity can be fabricated by depositing certain layered components of the electrochromic device in a single integrated deposition system. While these layers are being deposited and/or treated on a substrate, for example a glass window, the substrate never leaves a controlled ambient environment, for example a low pressure controlled atmosphere having very low levels of particles. These layers may be deposited using physical vapor deposition.

A process for synthesizing a Mn.sup.4+ doped phosphor of formula I by electrolysis is presented. The process includes electrolyzing a reaction solution comprising a source of manganese, a source of M and a source of A. One aspect relates to a phosphor composition produced by the process. A lighting apparatus including the phosphor composition is also provided. A.sub.x[MF.sub.y]:Mn.sup.4+ (I) where, A is Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, or a combination thereof; M is Si, Ge, Sn, Ti, Zr, Al, Ga, In, Sc, Hf, Y, La, Nb, Ta, Bi, Gd, or a combination thereof; x is the absolute value of the charge of the [MF.sub.y] ion; and y is 5, 6 or 7.

Prior electrochromic devices frequently suffer from high levels of defectivity. The defects may be manifest as pin holes or spots where the electrochromic transition is impaired. This is unacceptable for many applications such as electrochromic architectural glass. Improved electrochromic devices with low defectivity can be fabricated by depositing certain layered components of the electrochromic device in a single integrated deposition system. While these layers are being deposited and/or treated on a substrate, for example a glass window, the substrate never leaves a controlled ambient environment, for example a low pressure controlled atmosphere having very low levels of particles. These layers may be deposited using physical vapor deposition.

A photochromic article is provided, containing a polymer and a polyoxometalate derivative anion and counter cation complex distributed in the polymer. A method of forming a photochromic film is also provided, including forming a composition containing a polymer or a precursor of the polymer and a polyoxometalate derivative and counter cation complex and preparing a film from the composition, the film containing the polyoxometalate derivative and counter cation complex distributed in the polymer. Further, a precursor composition is provided, including a polymer or a precursor of the polymer and a polyoxometalate derivative anion and a counter cation.

Prior electrochromic devices frequently suffer from high levels of defectivity. The defects may be manifest as pin holes or spots where the electrochromic transition is impaired. This is unacceptable for many applications such as electrochromic architectural glass. Improved electrochromic devices with low defectivity can be fabricated by depositing certain layered components of the electrochromic device in a single integrated deposition system. While these layers are being deposited and/or treated on a substrate, for example a glass window, the substrate never leaves a controlled ambient environment, for example a low pressure controlled atmosphere having very low levels of particles. These layers may be deposited using physical vapor deposition.

Embodiments of the invention provide a lithium-free metal dichalcogenides functionalization method where a metal dichalcogenide including a surface of predominantly semiconducting 2H phase is reacted with an aryl diazonium salt by exposing at least a portion of transition metal dichalcogenide to the aryl diazonium salt in the absence of alkyl lithium or alkyl lithium. A substantial portion of the reaction of the at least one aryl diazonium salt with the at least one transition metal dichalcogenide occurs with the semiconducting 2H phase. The aryl diazonium salt can be 4-nitrobenzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate or 4-carboxybenzene diazonium tetrafluoroborate, and the metal dichalcogenide can be MoS.sub.2. The semiconducting 2H phase of the transition metal dichalcogenide is derived directly from mechanical exfoliation such as mechanical cleaving and/or sonication.