A redox reversible fluorescent probe for performing single-electron transfer fluorescence probing includes: a redox moiety including: a terminal moiety; an electron transfer metal coordinatively bonded to the terminal moiety; and a bridge moiety coordinatively bonded to the electron transfer metal; and a fluorescent moiety covalently bonded to the bridge moiety of the redox moiety and comprising: an electron bandgap mediator that is covalently bonded to the bridge moiety; a coordinate center covalently bonded to the electron bandgap mediator and that forms a Zwitterionic member with an atom in the electron bandgap mediator; and a steric hinder bonded to the electron bandgap mediator to provide steric hindrance for protection of the coordinate center.

Metal complexes that exhibit multiple radiative decay mechanisms, together with methods for the preparation and use thereof.

An object of the present invention is to provide a novel electrochromic device (ECD). Disclosed is an electrochromic device (ECD) comprising two metal-complex-based electrochromic thin films individually acting as a working electrode and a counter electrode; (i) one of the two metal-complex-based electrochromic thin films being a film of a cathodically coloring metallo-supramolecular polymer comprising at least one organic ligand having a plurality of metal coordination positions and a metal ion of at least one transition metal and/or lanthanoid metal with the at least one organic ligand and the metal ion being arranged alternately, and the other of the two metal-complex-based electrochromic thin films being a film of an anodically coloring metal hexacyanoferrate (MHCF) represented by the formula: M(II).sub.3[Fe(III)CN.sub.6].sub.2 (where M=Fe, Ni or Zn), and (ii) the electrochromic device having a first conducting substrate; the film of the cathodically coloring metallo-supramolecular polymer; an electrolyte; the film of the anodically coloring metal hexacyanoferrate (MHCF); and a second conducting substrate being arranged in this order.

Herein are described two-dimensional metal organic frameworks (2D MOFs). The 2D MOFs includes a plurality of multivalent metals or metal ions and a plurality of multidentate ligands arranged to form a crystalline structure having a lateral size of at least about 2.5 μm and a thickness of less than about 5 nm. Herein are also described methods for preparing the 2D MOFs. The 2D MOFs can be used, for example, in electrochromic devices such as smart windows and flexible displays.

Provided are compounds of Formula I

##STR00001##

that are useful as emitters in OLEDs.

The invention is directed to methods for making an EC material comprising providing a substrate, applying at least one metal linker to the substrate, applying at least one metal-coordinated organic complex to form a layer, washing the layer, drying the layer, and repeating the applying steps to obtain a multiple layer EC material. The invention is further directed to EC materials made by the methods of this invention.

Disclosed are a quantum dot material, a method for patterning a quantum dot film and a quantum dot light emitting device. when preparing a patterned quantum dot film, firstly, a quantum dot film is made by using the quantum dot material with the photolysis group, and a corresponding region of the quantum dot film is irradiated with ultraviolet light under the shielding of a mask template, so that the photolysis group in the corresponding region is photolyzed into the polarity change group, thereby changing the solubility of the quantum dot material in the corresponding region; and subsequently, the quantum dot film is cleaned by using a solvent which can dissolve the quantum dot material with the photolysis group, the quantum dot material in non-irradiated regions is dissolved and removed, and the quantum dot material in the corresponding region is retained to form a pattern of the quantum dot film.

A light emitting device includes a first electrode, a hole transporting layer in contact with the first electrode, a second electrode, an electron transporting layer in contact with the second electrode; and an emissive layer between the hole transporting layer and the electron transporting layer. The emissive layer includes a metal-assisted delayed fluorescent (MADF) emitter, a fluorescent emitter, and a host, and the MADF emitter harvests electrogenerated excitons and transfers energy to the fluorescent emitter.

Disclosed are a transition metal complex, a polymer, a mixture, a composition and the use thereof, wherein the transition metal complex has a structure of the general formula as shown in formula (1):

##STR00001##

The transition metal complex has a novel structure, and is an iridium (III) complex comprising rigid cycloalkyl groups. Since this type of auxiliary ligand increases the rigidity and symmetry of a molecule, the rigidity of a molecule is increased relative to a common ligand without the cycloalkyl groups, and as such, the whole complex has better chemical, optical, electrical and thermal stabilities. At the same time, since the modification occurs on the auxiliary ligand, the effect on the wavelength of the luminous maximum peak caused by a main ligand is relatively low, and therefore, a saturated luminous color may be retained. Therefore, the use of the transition metal complex according to the present invention in OLEDs, in particular as a doping material of a luminous layer, can provide a relatively high luminous efficiency and a relatively long lifetime of the device.

An europium doped Ni(BTC) Metal Organic Framework (MOF), Eu@Ni(BTC), as a sensor for detecting heteroaromatic compounds. Eu@Ni(BTC) shows selectivity towards thiophene and pyrrole with a detection limit of 0.2 and 8.4 ppm for thiophene and pyrrole, respectively. The sensor can be easily regenerated and can be used to analyze thiophene in water.