An apparatus for pyrolyzing a carbonaceous material and producing char and volatiles includes a vessel having an inlet for the carbonaceous material, an outlet for the char and the volatiles, and a first pathway therebetween. The vessel has wall portions with interior surfaces that define the first pathway. Further, the vessel has a heat exchange medium inlet, outlet and a second pathway therebetween. The first and second pathways are in heat exchange proximity to each other and the second pathway is defined by interior surfaces of the, or other, wall interior portions of the vessel. At least some of the interior wall portions of the vessel project into an interior space of the vessel such that at least one of the first and second pathways is non-linear.

An apparatus for pyrolyzing a carbonaceous material and producing char and volatiles includes a vessel having an inlet for the carbonaceous material, an outlet for the char and the volatiles, and a first pathway therebetween. The vessel has wall portions with interior surfaces that define the first pathway. Further, the vessel has a heat exchange medium inlet, outlet and a second pathway therebetween. The first and second pathways are in heat exchange proximity to each other and the second pathway is defined by interior surfaces of the, or other, wall interior portions of the vessel. At least some of the interior wall portions of the vessel project into an interior space of the vessel such that at least one of the first and second pathways is non-linear.

A method for conducting high-temperature thermolysis of waste tires and rubber products are proposed. By using the method, the waste tires and rubber products may be recycled jointly and efficiently to produce hard carbon, a synthesis gas, and a thermolysis liquid, which may be used profitably for various purposes.

A method for conducting high-temperature thermolysis of waste tires and rubber products are proposed. By using the method, the waste tires and rubber products may be recycled jointly and efficiently to produce hard carbon, a synthesis gas, and a thermolysis liquid, which may be used profitably for various purposes.

A system for conducting high-temperature thermolysis of waste tires and rubber products are proposed. By using the system, the waste tires and rubber products may be recycled jointly and efficiently to produce hard carbon, a synthesis gas, and a thermolysis liquid, which may be used profitably for various purposes.

A system for conducting high-temperature thermolysis of waste tires and rubber products are proposed. By using the system, the waste tires and rubber products may be recycled jointly and efficiently to produce hard carbon, a synthesis gas, and a thermolysis liquid, which may be used profitably for various purposes.

It has been discovered that use of a single reactor for melting waste plastics and pyrolyzing the melted waste plastics can lower the carbon footprint of a chemical recycling facility. More particularly, by melting and pyrolyzing in the same reactor vessel, one may mitigate the need for additional heat sources, thereby decreasing the potential need to combust additional fossil fuels for heating purposes. Consequently, by utilizing the plastic liquification and pyrolysis reactor described herein, one can lower the carbon footprint of the chemical recycling facility described herein.

It has been discovered that use of a single reactor for melting waste plastics and pyrolyzing the melted waste plastics can lower the carbon footprint of a chemical recycling facility. More particularly, by melting and pyrolyzing in the same reactor vessel, one may mitigate the need for additional heat sources, thereby decreasing the potential need to combust additional fossil fuels for heating purposes. Consequently, by utilizing the plastic liquification and pyrolysis reactor described herein, one can lower the carbon footprint of the chemical recycling facility described herein.

An apparatus for production of a carbon product from a biomass source, the apparatus including a reactor having a hollow body configured to receive the biomass source therein. The hollow body has a proximal end with an entry opening and a distal end with an exit opening, and a load zone between the proximal end and the distal end. The apparatus further includes an entry mover at the proximal end of the hollow body and movable between the proximal end and the distal end, and an exit mover within the hollow body positioned distal to the entry mover. The apparatus further includes at least one heating element configured to heat at least one heating zone of the hollow body. A method of producing a carbon product from a biomass source is also disclosed.

Disclosed herein are methods for pyrolysis of plastic feedstock comprising post-consumer and/or post-industrial plastics. In various implementations, the methods include directing the plastic feedstock into an internal volume of a reactor vessel, and pyrolyzing the plastic feedstock in the internal volume of the reactor vessel.