A gasification system for receiving biomass feedstock and gasifying the biomass feedstock to produce char can include a reaction zone for receiving biomass fuel and a cooling zone for receiving char from the reaction zone. Together, the reaction zone and the cooling zone include a reaction chamber and a cooling chamber defining a live floor and a gas recovery volume above the live floor. The reaction zone and the cooling zone also include augers arranged side-by-side on the live floor, where each auger has helical flighting. The helical flighting of each auger can be turned in an opposing direction to each adjacent auger. Each auger can also include paddles intermittently interrupting the helical flighting for turning over the biomass fuel. The augers can be driven to pull the biomass fuel from a first end to a second end of the reaction chamber and the cooling chamber.

A gasification system for receiving biomass feedstock and gasifying the biomass feedstock to produce char can include a reaction zone for receiving biomass fuel and a cooling zone for receiving char from the reaction zone. Together, the reaction zone and the cooling zone include a reaction chamber and a cooling chamber defining a live floor and a gas recovery volume above the live floor. The reaction zone and the cooling zone also include augers arranged side-by-side on the live floor, where each auger has helical flighting. The helical flighting of each auger can be turned in an opposing direction to each adjacent auger. Each auger can also include paddles intermittently interrupting the helical flighting for turning over the biomass fuel. The augers can be driven to pull the biomass fuel from a first end to a second end of the reaction chamber and the cooling chamber.

Described herein is a method of carbonizing organic waste to produce a stable form of biocarbon for the purposes of carbon sequestration. In some embodiments, the method is a continuous method wherein organic waste is added at a top of a carbonization system and biocarbon is recovered from a bottom thereof.

Described herein is a method of carbonizing organic waste to produce a stable form of biocarbon for the purposes of carbon sequestration. In some embodiments, the method is a continuous method wherein organic waste is added at a top of a carbonization system and biocarbon is recovered from a bottom thereof.

A pyrolysis system for synthesizing and utilizing synthesized gas and synthesized biochar material. The pyrolysis system may include at least one hopper configured to hold biomass. The pyrolysis system may also include at least one top-lit up-draft pyrolyzer operably engaged with the at least one hopper and configured to receive the biomass from the at least one hopper at a feeding rate to convert the biomass into a first byproduct and a second byproduct different than the first byproduct. The pyrolysis system may also include at least one static mixer operably engaged with the at least one conically-shaped pyrolyzer and configured to convert the first byproduct to a combustion energy source.

A method and an apparatus for processing wood wastes and producing valuable products that are safe and have economic value is disclosed. The apparatus includes a continuous converter (3) for a feed material that includes wood wastes containing contaminants. The continuous converter includes a reaction chamber (5) for producing a solid carbon-containing product, a gas product, and optionally a liquid oil product and a separate water-based condensate product in the chamber, via pyrolysis or other reaction mechanisms.

A method and an apparatus for processing wood wastes and producing valuable products that are safe and have economic value is disclosed. The apparatus includes a continuous converter (3) for a feed material that includes wood wastes containing contaminants. The continuous converter includes a reaction chamber (5) for producing a solid carbon-containing product, a gas product, and optionally a liquid oil product and a separate water-based condensate product in the chamber, via pyrolysis or other reaction mechanisms.

A system and process for producing synthetic gas from solid fuel comprising waste material, municipal solid waste or biomass, and for upgrading the synthetic gas produced. The system and process utilizes a first thermal chamber having a gasification zone in which a fuel stream is gasified by thermal oxidation to produce a first synthetic gas stream and heat; a pyrolysis reactor housed within the first thermal chamber where fuel undergoes pyrolysis to produce a second synthetic gas stream; and a thermal catalytic reactor comprising a second thermal chamber having a catalyst chamber within with a selected catalyst. The first synthetic gas stream is completely thermally oxidized to produce high temperature flue gas that imparts heat to the catalyst chamber in which the second synthetic gas stream is thermally cracked and directed over the catalyst to yield a finished gas or liquid product having a desired chemical composition as determined by the selected catalyst.

The invention is directed to a process to continuously prepare a char product having a high BET surface area of above 400 m2/g and gaseous fraction comprising of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and hydrocarbons starting from particles of a torrefied biomass in an elongated and substantially horizontally positioned reactor furnace. A reactive gaseous mixture of steam and oxygen is supplied to the solids in the reactor and more oxygen and steam is supplied to the downstream end part of the reactor as compared to the amount of oxygen supplied to the upstream end part.

A system and method for plasma arc anaerobic thermal conversion processing is provided to convert waste into bio-gas; bio-oil; carbonized materials; non-organic ash, and varied further co-products. The system and process supports a variety of processes, including to make, without limitation, carbon, carbon-based inks and dyes, activated carbon, aerogels, bio-coke, and bio-char, as well as generate electricity, produce adjuncts for natural gas, and/or various aromatic oils, phenols, and other liquids, all depending upon the input materials and the parameters selected to process the waste, including real time economic and other market parameters which can result in the automatic re-configuration of the system to adjust its output co-products to reflect changing market conditions. Plasma arc carbonizer off-gases produced during carbonization are supplied to a controlled heated column for refining and recovery of the carbonizer hot gases into distillates.