A process for power generation using a chemical looping combustion concept is integrated with heavy liquid fuel coking in a cracking reactor, and is configured such that petcoke deposits on metal oxide particles from the cracking reactor are used as fuel in the chemical looping combustion reaction. The process is also configured such that metal oxide particles provide the heat necessary for the cracking reaction to be initiated in the cracking reactor.

The present invention relates to catalyst product, a method of making a catalyst and its use in fluid catalytic conversion process. In particular, this invention relates to a process for the preparation of CO-combustion promoter microspheres, comprising a large crystallite low surface area alumina; a composite binder comprising nano-crystallite alumina and dispersant; and platinum or palladium or both. The large crystallite low surface area alumina is bound together by the composite binder in the said particulate composition.

The present invention relates to catalyst product, a method of making a catalyst and its use in fluid catalytic conversion process. In particular, this invention relates to a process for the preparation of CO-combustion promoter microspheres, comprising a large crystallite low surface area alumina; a composite binder comprising nano-crystallite alumina and dispersant; and platinum or palladium or both. The large crystallite low surface area alumina is bound together by the composite binder in the said particulate composition.

The present invention provides a method for processing low-grade heavy oil, comprising: providing a riser-bed reactor; preheating the low-grade heavy oil and injecting it into the riser reactor to react with solid catalyst particles at the temperature of 550-610° C.; oil-gas, after reacting with the solid catalyst particles in the riser reactor, being introduced into the fluidized bed reactor to continue to react at temperature of 440-520° C. and weight hourly space velocity of 0.5-5 h.sup.−1; and the oil-gas, after reacting in the fluidized bed reactor, being separated from coked solid catalyst particles carried therein, and the separated oil-gas being introduced into a fractionation system. The method can effectively remove carbon residues, heavy metals, asphaltenes and other impurities from the low-grade heavy oil, and obtain high liquid product yield in a simple process.

The present invention provides a method for processing low-grade heavy oil, comprising: providing a riser-bed reactor; preheating the low-grade heavy oil and injecting it into the riser reactor to react with solid catalyst particles at the temperature of 550-610° C.; oil-gas, after reacting with the solid catalyst particles in the riser reactor, being introduced into the fluidized bed reactor to continue to react at temperature of 440-520° C. and weight hourly space velocity of 0.5-5 h.sup.−1; and the oil-gas, after reacting in the fluidized bed reactor, being separated from coked solid catalyst particles carried therein, and the separated oil-gas being introduced into a fractionation system. The method can effectively remove carbon residues, heavy metals, asphaltenes and other impurities from the low-grade heavy oil, and obtain high liquid product yield in a simple process.

A method for cracking hydrocarbon includes providing a feedstock comprising steam and hydrocarbon, and feeding the feedstock into a device having an inner surface accessible to the feedstock. The inner surface includes a compound of formula A.sub.n+1B.sub.nO.sub.3n+1, wherein A includes at least one alkaline earth metal, B includes at least one transition metal, O is oxygen, and 1≦n≦20.

A method for cracking hydrocarbon includes providing a feedstock comprising steam and hydrocarbon, and feeding the feedstock into a device having an inner surface accessible to the feedstock. The inner surface includes a compound of formula A.sub.n+1B.sub.nO.sub.3n+1, wherein A includes at least one alkaline earth metal, B includes at least one transition metal, O is oxygen, and 1≦n≦20.

Methods for operating a system having two downflow high-severity FCC units for producing products from a hydrocarbon feed includes introducing the hydrocarbon feed to a feed separator and separating it into a lesser boiling point fraction and a greater boiling point fraction. The greater boiling point fraction is passed to the first FCC unit and cracked in the presence of a first catalyst at 500° C. to 700° C. to produce a first cracking reaction product and a spent first catalyst. The lesser boiling point fraction is passed to the second FCC unit and cracked in the presence of a second catalyst at 500° C. to 700° C. to produce a second cracking reaction product and a spent second catalyst. At least a portion of the spent first catalyst or the spent second catalyst is passed back to the first FCC unit, the second FCC unit or both.

Methods for operating a system having two downflow high-severity FCC units for producing products from a hydrocarbon feed includes introducing the hydrocarbon feed to a feed separator and separating it into a lesser boiling point fraction and a greater boiling point fraction. The greater boiling point fraction is passed to the first FCC unit and cracked in the presence of a first catalyst at 500° C. to 700° C. to produce a first cracking reaction product and a spent first catalyst. The lesser boiling point fraction is passed to the second FCC unit and cracked in the presence of a second catalyst at 500° C. to 700° C. to produce a second cracking reaction product and a spent second catalyst. At least a portion of the spent first catalyst or the spent second catalyst is passed back to the first FCC unit, the second FCC unit or both.

Novel catalysts comprising nickel oxide nanoparticles supported on alumina nanoparticles, methods of their manufacture, heavy oil compositions contacted by these nanocatalysts and methods of their use are disclosed. The novel nanocatalysts are useful, inter alia, in the upgrading of heavy oil fractions or as aids in oil recovery from steam-assisted well reservoirs.