Described are compositions including a reaction product of an amino alcohol and an aldehyde and a reaction product of a monohydric or polyhydric alcohol, an aldehyde and a nitrogen-containing compound. In addition, processes for removing sulfur compounds from process streams using such compositions are described, as well as such processes in which the process stream is contacted independently with a reaction product of an amino alcohol and an aldehyde and a reaction product of a monohydric or polyhydric alcohol, an aldehyde and a nitrogen-containing compound. Further described is the use of such compositions to remove sulfur compounds from process streams and the use of a reaction product of an amino alcohol and an aldehyde and a reaction product of a monohydric or polyhydric alcohol, an aldehyde and a nitrogen-containing compound to remove sulfur compounds from process streams.

A method and apparatus for continuously treating acid gases including recovering absorbent chemicals by introducing streams leaving a regenerator and/or leaving an absorber into a static mixing zone wherein supplemental washing water is added to recover absorbent chemicals. Improvements to the prior art methods are provided where one or more absorbent chemical recovery units are included to increase the amount of recovered absorbent chemicals exiting the regenerator and/or exiting the absorber are increased and/or maximized. Absorbent chemical recovery units can include mixing units where liquid is added to the stream of sour gas and absorbent chemical to mix with and absorb the absorbent chemical from the stream.

A method and apparatus for continuously treating acid gases including recovering absorbent chemicals by introducing streams leaving a regenerator and/or leaving an absorber into a static mixing zone wherein supplemental washing water is added to recover absorbent chemicals. Improvements to the prior art methods are provided where one or more absorbent chemical recovery units are included to increase the amount of recovered absorbent chemicals exiting the regenerator and/or exiting the absorber are increased and/or maximized. Absorbent chemical recovery units can include mixing units where liquid is added to the stream of sour gas and absorbent chemical to mix with and absorb the absorbent chemical from the stream.

Hydrocracked bottoms fractions are treated to separate HPNA compounds and/or HPNA precursor compounds and produce a reduced-HPNA hydrocracked bottoms fraction effective for recycle, in a configuration of a single-stage hydrocracking reactor, series-flow once through hydrocracking operation, or two-stage hydrocracking operation. A process for separation of HPNA and/or HPNA precursor compounds from a hydrocracked bottoms fraction of a hydroprocessing reaction effluent comprises contacting the hydrocracked bottoms fraction with an effective quantity of a sulfonation agent to produce corresponding sulfonated HPNA compounds and/or sulfonated HPNA precursor compounds, and to form a sulfonated hydrocracked bottoms fraction. The sulfonated hydrocracked bottoms fraction is separated into an HPNA-reduced hydrocracked bottoms portion and a sulfonated HPNA portion. All or a portion of the HPNA-reduced hydrocracked bottoms portion is recycled within the hydrocracking operation.

Hydrocracked bottoms fractions are treated to separate HPNA compounds and/or HPNA precursor compounds and produce a reduced-HPNA hydrocracked bottoms fraction effective for recycle, in a configuration of a single-stage hydrocracking reactor, series-flow once through hydrocracking operation, or two-stage hydrocracking operation. A process for separation of HPNA and/or HPNA precursor compounds from a hydrocracked bottoms fraction of a hydroprocessing reaction effluent comprises contacting the hydrocracked bottoms fraction with an effective quantity of a oxidizing agent to produce corresponding oxidized HPNA compounds and/or oxidized HPNA precursor compounds, and to form an oxidized hydrocracked bottoms fraction. The oxidized hydrocracked bottoms fraction is separated into an HPNA-reduced hydrocracked bottoms portion and an oxidized HPNA portion. All or a portion of the HPNA-reduced hydrocracked bottoms portion is recycled within the hydrocracking operation.

Hydrocracked bottoms fractions are treated to separate HPNA compounds and/or HPNA precursor compounds and produce a reduced-HPNA hydrocracked bottoms fraction effective for recycle, in a configuration of a single-stage hydrocracking reactor, series-flow once through hydrocracking operation, or two-stage hydrocracking operation. A process for separation of HPNA and/or HPNA precursor compounds from a hydrocracked bottoms fraction of a hydroprocessing reaction effluent comprises contacting the hydrocracked bottoms fraction with an effective quantity of a sulfonation agent to produce corresponding sulfonated HPNA compounds and/or sulfonated HPNA precursor compounds, and to form a sulfonated hydrocracked bottoms fraction. The sulfonated hydrocracked bottoms fraction is separated into an HPNA-reduced hydrocracked bottoms portion and a sulfonated HPNA portion. All or a portion of the HPNA-reduced hydrocracked bottoms portion is recycled within the hydrocracking operation.

Hydrocracked bottoms fractions are treated to separate HPNA compounds and/or HPNA precursor compounds and produce a reduced-HPNA hydrocracked bottoms fraction effective for recycle, in a configuration of a single-stage hydrocracking reactor, series-flow once through hydrocracking operation, or two-stage hydrocracking operation. A process for separation of HPNA and/or HPNA precursor compounds from a hydrocracked bottoms fraction of a hydroprocessing reaction effluent comprises contacting the hydrocracked bottoms fraction with an effective quantity of a oxidizing agent to produce corresponding oxidized HPNA compounds and/or oxidized HPNA precursor compounds, and to form an oxidized hydrocracked bottoms fraction. The oxidized hydrocracked bottoms fraction is separated into an HPNA-reduced hydrocracked bottoms portion and an oxidized HPNA portion. All or a portion of the HPNA-reduced hydrocracked bottoms portion is recycled within the hydrocracking operation.

The present invention relates to a process for upgrading a petroleum product comprising mixing the petroleum product with an upgrading solution to provide a two-phase mixture consisting of an extract phase and a raffinate phase, wherein the upgrading solution comprises a pyrolysis oil and optionally a polar organic solvent. In other aspects, the invention provides an upgrading solution comprising a pyrolysis oil and optionally a polar organic solvent and uses thereof. Furthermore, an upgraded petroleum product and raffinate phase is provided.

A method and apparatus for continuously treating acid gases including recovering absorbent chemicals by introducing streams leaving a regenerator and/or leaving an absorber into a static mixing zone wherein supplemental washing water is added to recover absorbent chemicals. Improvements to the prior art methods are provided where one or more absorbent chemical recovery units are included to increase the amount of recovered absorbent chemicals exiting the regenerator and/or exiting the absorber are increased and/or maximized. Absorbent chemical recovery units can include mixing units where liquid is added to the stream of sour gas and absorbent chemical to mix with and absorb the absorbent chemical from the stream.

A method and apparatus for continuously treating acid gases including recovering absorbent chemicals by introducing streams leaving a regenerator and/or leaving an absorber into a static mixing zone wherein supplemental washing water is added to recover absorbent chemicals. Improvements to the prior art methods are provided where one or more absorbent chemical recovery units are included to increase the amount of recovered absorbent chemicals exiting the regenerator and/or exiting the absorber are increased and/or maximized. Absorbent chemical recovery units can include mixing units where liquid is added to the stream of sour gas and absorbent chemical to mix with and absorb the absorbent chemical from the stream.