The present invention includes a fuel injection amount sensor for detecting an injection amount of oil, a pretreatment desulfurization agent injection amount sensor for detecting an injection amount of a pretreatment desulfurization agent, and a control panel for controlling and monitoring the injection amount of the pretreatment desulfurization agent so that the predetermined desulfurization agent is mixed with the fuel in a predetermined mixing ratio. The fuel injection amount sensor is disposed on a fuel supply line between a fuel tank and a marine engine, and the pretreatment desulfurization agent injection amount sensor is disposed between a downstream fuel supply line installed downstream of the fuel injection amount sensor and a pretreatment desulfurization agent tank.

Proposed is a pretreatment desulfurization system including a desulfurization agent storage tank for storing a liquid-phase pretreatment desulfurization agent and a metering pump for supplying the liquid-phase pretreatment desulfurization agent from the desulfurization agent storage tank to a fuel supply line through which marine fuel oil is supplied to a marine engine in a predetermined ratio. Since a fluid mixture composed of the marine fuel oil and the pretreatment desulfurization agent is supplied to the marine engine, sulfur oxides are adsorbed and removed during combustion of the fluid mixture.

A system is disclosed for desulfurizing liquid fossil fuel comprising: liquid fossil fuel supply; a first mixer; a second mixer; an oxidizer supply; a catalyst supply; an extractant supply; a centrifuge; and an ultrasoncially induced cavitation reactor comprising: a vessel configured to receiving the liquid fossil fuel, oxidizer and catalyst as a multiphase reaction medium; and a vibrating probe disposed within walls of the vessel. The multiphase reaction medium is configured to flow generally parallel to the probe. The probe is configured to produce pressure waves to induce formation of nano-sized bubbles in the multiphase reaction medium along one or more cavitation zones along a length of the probe. The vessel walls are at a distance of approximately 0.5 to 5 times the diameter of a smallest diameter of the probe. The first mixer is configured to receive and mix the liquid fossil fuel supply with the catalyst supply. The reactor is configured to receive the mix of liquid fossil fuel supply and the catalyst supply from the first mixer and the oxidizer supply. The second mixer is configured to receive the multiphase reaction medium and extractant supply to form processed fuel. The centrifuge is configured to receive the processed fuel from the second mixer to extract sulfones to yield an organic phase and aqueous phase. The organic phase substantially consists of desulfurized fuel.

A system is disclosed for desulfurizing liquid fossil fuel comprising: liquid fossil fuel supply; a first mixer; a second mixer; an oxidizer supply; a catalyst supply; an extractant supply; a centrifuge; and an ultrasoncially induced cavitation reactor comprising: a vessel configured to receiving the liquid fossil fuel, oxidizer and catalyst as a multiphase reaction medium; and a vibrating probe disposed within walls of the vessel. The multiphase reaction medium is configured to flow generally parallel to the probe. The probe is configured to produce pressure waves to induce formation of nano-sized bubbles in the multiphase reaction medium along one or more cavitation zones along a length of the probe. The vessel walls are at a distance of approximately 0.5 to 5 times the diameter of a smallest diameter of the probe. The first mixer is configured to receive and mix the liquid fossil fuel supply with the catalyst supply. The reactor is configured to receive the mix of liquid fossil fuel supply and the catalyst supply from the first mixer and the oxidizer supply. The second mixer is configured to receive the multiphase reaction medium and extractant supply to form processed fuel. The centrifuge is configured to receive the processed fuel from the second mixer to extract sulfones to yield an organic phase and aqueous phase. The organic phase substantially consists of desulfurized fuel.

An ultrasonically induced cavitation reactor is disclosed comprising a vessel having an inlet for receiving a processing liquid and an outlet for exiting the processing liquid; and a vibrating probe disposed within walls of the vessel. The processing liquid is configured to flow generally parallel to the probe. The probe is configured to produce pressure waves to induce formation of nano-sized bubbles in the processing liquid along one or more cavitation zones along a length of the probe, wherein the vessel walls are at a distance of approximately 0.5 to 5 times the diameter of a smallest diameter of the probe.

The present disclosure relates to a process for reducing the sulphur content of hydrocarbon feedstocks such as Natural Gas Condensate, Kerosene, Jet Fuel, Diesel, Vacuum Gas Oil and Fuel Oil. The process uses a tailored oxidation process comprising one or two oxidation steps to produce sulphoxides and/or sulphones. These sulphoxides and sulphones, while being still present in the liquid hydrocarbon streams, are subsequently extracted thereby producing a low sulphur hydrocarbon stream and optionally following further treatment of the sulphoxides and/or sulphones, produce a low sulphur aromatic hydrocarbon stream and an aqueous stream of sodium sulphite or sulphuric acid. The low sulphur hydrocarbon stream and low sulphur aromatic hydrocarbon stream may be individually recycled or combined for recycling.

The present disclosure relates to a process for reducing the sulphur content of hydrocarbon feedstocks such as Natural Gas Condensate, Kerosene, Jet Fuel, Diesel, Vacuum Gas Oil and Fuel Oil. The process uses a tailored oxidation process comprising one or two oxidation steps to produce sulphoxides and/or sulphones. These sulphoxides and sulphones, while being still present in the liquid hydrocarbon streams, are subsequently extracted thereby producing a low sulphur hydrocarbon stream and optionally following further treatment of the sulphoxides and/or sulphones, produce a low sulphur aromatic hydrocarbon stream and an aqueous stream of sodium sulphite or sulphuric acid. The low sulphur hydrocarbon stream and low sulphur aromatic hydrocarbon stream may be individually recycled or combined for recycling.

Catalysts for oxidative sulfur removal and methods of making and using thereof are described herein. The catalysts contain one or more reactive metal salts dispersed on one or more substrates. Suitable reactive metal salts include those salts containing multivariable metals having variable valence or oxidation states and having catalytic activity with sulfur compounds present in gaseous fuel streams. In some embodiments, the catalyst contains one or more compounds that function as an oxygen sponge under the reaction conditions for oxidative sulfur removal. The catalysts can be used to oxidatively remove sulfur-containing compounds from fuel streams, particularly gaseous fuel streams having high sulfur content. Due to the reduced catalyst cost, anticipated long catalyst life and reduced adsorbent consumption, the catalysts described herein are expected to provide a 20-60% reduction in annual desulfurization cost for biogas with sulfur contents ranges from 1000-5000 ppmv compared with the best adsorbent approach.

Catalysts for oxidative sulfur removal and methods of making and using thereof are described herein. The catalysts contain one or more reactive metal salts dispersed on one or more substrates. Suitable reactive metal salts include those salts containing multivariable metals having variable valence or oxidation states and having catalytic activity with sulfur compounds present in gaseous fuel streams. In some embodiments, the catalyst contains one or more compounds that function as an oxygen sponge under the reaction conditions for oxidative sulfur removal. The catalysts can be used to oxidatively remove sulfur-containing compounds from fuel streams, particularly gaseous fuel streams having high sulfur content. Due to the reduced catalyst cost, anticipated long catalyst life and reduced adsorbent consumption, the catalysts described herein are expected to provide a 20-60% reduction in annual desulfurization cost for biogas with sulfur contents ranges from 1000-5000 ppmv compared with the best adsorbent approach.

A reaction column comprises a plurality of cells each of which has a lower cell portion and an upper cell portion. The cells are arranged sequentially, from an uppermost cell to a lowermost cell. The fuel inlet is configured to direct fluid through the reaction column from a lower cell portion of the lowermost cell to an upper cell portion of the uppermost cell, and out of the fuel outlet. The reagent inlet is configured to direct reagent through the reaction column from the upper cell portion of the uppermost cell to the lower cell portion of the lowermost cell. The plurality of cells may be vertically or horizontally positioned, as well as inclined and the like. Systems and methods are likewise disclosed.