A catalyst support comprising at least 95% silicon carbide, having surface areas of ≤10 m.sup.2/g and pore volumes of ≤1 cc/g. A method of producing a catalyst support, the method including mixing SiC particles of 0.1-20 microns, SiO.sub.2 and carbonaceous materials to form an extrusion, under inert atmospheres, heating the extrusion at temperatures of greater than 1400° C., and removing residual carbon from the heated support under temperatures below 1000° C. A catalyst on a carrier, comprising a carrier support having at least about 95% SiC, with a silver solution impregnated thereon comprising silver oxide, ethylenediamine, oxalic acid, monoethanolamine and cesium hydroxide. A process for oxidation reactions (e.g., for the production of ethylene oxide, or oxidation reactions using propane or methane), or for endothermic reactions (e.g., dehydrogenation of paraffins, of ethyl benzene, or cracking and hydrocracking hydrocarbons).

A catalyst support comprising at least 95% silicon carbide, having surface areas of ≤10 m.sup.2/g and pore volumes of ≤1 cc/g. A method of producing a catalyst support, the method including mixing SiC particles of 0.1-20 microns, SiO.sub.2 and carbonaceous materials to form an extrusion, under inert atmospheres, heating the extrusion at temperatures of greater than 1400° C., and removing residual carbon from the heated support under temperatures below 1000° C. A catalyst on a carrier, comprising a carrier support having at least about 95% SiC, with a silver solution impregnated thereon comprising silver oxide, ethylenediamine, oxalic acid, monoethanolamine and cesium hydroxide. A process for oxidation reactions (e.g., for the production of ethylene oxide, or oxidation reactions using propane or methane), or for endothermic reactions (e.g., dehydrogenation of paraffins, of ethyl benzene, or cracking and hydrocracking hydrocarbons).

A process plant and process for conversion of a hydrocarbonaceous feed, having a feed temperature, to a hydrocarbonaceous effluent, having an effluent temperature, by hydrotreatment, in the presence of a material catalytically active in hydrotreatment and an amount of hydrogen, wherein the conversion is exothermal and wherein an amount of the effluent will solidify at a solidification temperature above the feed temperature and below the effluent temperature, and wherein the feed is preheated by heat exchange, utilizing thermal energy from said effluent, wherein the heat exchange is mediated by a fluid heat exchange medium being physically separated from the feed and the effluent and having a temperature above the solidification temperature, with the associated benefit of such a process being highly energy effective, while avoiding solidification in the process lines, especially when hydrotreating feedstocks including halides.

A process plant and process for conversion of a hydrocarbonaceous feed, having a feed temperature, to a hydrocarbonaceous effluent, having an effluent temperature, by hydrotreatment, in the presence of a material catalytically active in hydrotreatment and an amount of hydrogen, wherein the conversion is exothermal and wherein an amount of the effluent will solidify at a solidification temperature above the feed temperature and below the effluent temperature, and wherein the feed is preheated by heat exchange, utilizing thermal energy from said effluent, wherein the heat exchange is mediated by a fluid heat exchange medium being physically separated from the feed and the effluent and having a temperature above the solidification temperature, with the associated benefit of such a process being highly energy effective, while avoiding solidification in the process lines, especially when hydrotreating feedstocks including halides.

Disclosed is a composition and method for neutralization of hydrogen sulfide and light mercaptanes from hydrocarbon media, and improvement of the copper strip indicator in petroleum products. The composition is an aqueous solution of polysulfides comprising alkali metals and/or polysulfides of primary or secondary ethanolamines, alkali metal hydroxides, water-soluble alkylamines and optionally alkali metal nitrites.

Disclosed is a composition and method for neutralization of hydrogen sulfide and light mercaptanes from hydrocarbon media, and improvement of the copper strip indicator in petroleum products. The composition is an aqueous solution of polysulfides comprising alkali metals and/or polysulfides of primary or secondary ethanolamines, alkali metal hydroxides, water-soluble alkylamines and optionally alkali metal nitrites.

A catalyst which comprises an amorphous support based on alumina, a C1-C4 dialkyl succinate, citric acid and optionally acetic acid, phosphorus and a hydrodehydrogenating function comprising at least one element from group VIII and at least one element from group VIB; the most intense bands comprised in the Raman spectrum of the catalyst are characteristic of Keggin heteropolyanions (974 and/or 990 cm.sup.−1), C1-C4 dialkyl succinate and citric acid (in particular 785 and 956 cm.sup.−1). Also a process for preparing said catalyst in which a catalytic precursor in the dried, calcined or regenerated state containing the elements of the hydrodehydrogenating function, and optionally phosphorus, is impregnated with an impregnation solution comprising at least one C1-C4 dialkyl succinate, citric acid and optionally at least one compound of phosphorus and optionally acetic acid, and is then dried. Further, the use of said catalyst in any hydrotreatment process.

A catalyst which comprises an amorphous support based on alumina, a C1-C4 dialkyl succinate, citric acid and optionally acetic acid, phosphorus and a hydrodehydrogenating function comprising at least one element from group VIII and at least one element from group VIB; the most intense bands comprised in the Raman spectrum of the catalyst are characteristic of Keggin heteropolyanions (974 and/or 990 cm.sup.−1), C1-C4 dialkyl succinate and citric acid (in particular 785 and 956 cm.sup.−1). Also a process for preparing said catalyst in which a catalytic precursor in the dried, calcined or regenerated state containing the elements of the hydrodehydrogenating function, and optionally phosphorus, is impregnated with an impregnation solution comprising at least one C1-C4 dialkyl succinate, citric acid and optionally at least one compound of phosphorus and optionally acetic acid, and is then dried. Further, the use of said catalyst in any hydrotreatment process.

A process for reducing the environmental contaminants in a ISO 8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil (Feedstock), the process involving: mixing a quantity of the Feedstock with a quantity of Activating Gas mixture to give a feedstock mixture; contacting the feedstock mixture with one or more catalysts to form a Process Mixture from the feedstock mixture; separating the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil liquid (Product) components of the Process Mixture from the gaseous components and by-product hydrocarbons of the Process Mixture and, discharging the Product. The Product is compliant with ISO standards for residual marine fuel oils and has a maximum sulfur content between the range of 0.05% wt. to 0.50% wt. The Product can be used as or as a blending stock for compliant, low sulfur or ultralow sulfur heavy marine fuel oil. A device for conducting the process is also disclosed.

A process for reducing the environmental contaminants in a ISO 8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil (Feedstock), the process involving: mixing a quantity of the Feedstock with a quantity of Activating Gas mixture to give a feedstock mixture; contacting the feedstock mixture with one or more catalysts to form a Process Mixture from the feedstock mixture; separating the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil liquid (Product) components of the Process Mixture from the gaseous components and by-product hydrocarbons of the Process Mixture and, discharging the Product. The Product is compliant with ISO standards for residual marine fuel oils and has a maximum sulfur content between the range of 0.05% wt. to 0.50% wt. The Product can be used as or as a blending stock for compliant, low sulfur or ultralow sulfur heavy marine fuel oil. A device for conducting the process is also disclosed.