A process and apparatus for quenching a hydrocracked stream to prepare it for hydroisomerization. A fractionated hydroisomerized stream is recycled to quench a hot hydrocracked stream prior to hydroisomerization. Sufficient quenching can inactivate the hydroisomerization catalyst bed. The hydroisomerization catalyst bed can be heated back to hydroisomerization temperature and can actively hydroisomerize again.

Carbon nanofiber doped alumina (Al-CNF) supported MoCo catalysts in hydrodesulfurization (HDS), and/or boron doping, e.g., up to 5 wt % of total catalyst weight, can improve catalytic efficiency. Al-CNF-supported MoCo catalysts, (Al-CNF-MoCo), can reduce the sulfur concentration in fuel, esp. liquid fuel, to below the required limit in a 6 h reaction time. Thus, Al-CNF-MoCo has a higher catalytic activity than AlMoCo, which may be explained by higher mesoporous surface area and better dispersion of MoCo metals on the AlCNF support relative to alumina support. The BET surface area of AlMoCo may be 75% less than Al-CNF-MoCo, e.g., 166 vs. 200 m.sup.2/g. SEM images indicate that the catalyst nanoparticles can be evenly distributed on the surface of the CNF. The surface area of the AlMoCoB5% may be 206 m.sup.2/g, which is higher than AlMoCoB0% and AlMoCoB2%, and AlMoCoB5% has the highest HDS activity, removing more than 98% sulfur and below allowed levels.

Carbon nanofiber doped alumina (Al-CNF) supported MoCo catalysts in hydrodesulfurization (HDS), and/or boron doping, e.g., up to 5 wt % of total catalyst weight, can improve catalytic efficiency. Al-CNF-supported MoCo catalysts, (Al-CNF-MoCo), can reduce the sulfur concentration in fuel, esp. liquid fuel, to below the required limit in a 6 h reaction time. Thus, Al-CNF-MoCo has a higher catalytic activity than AlMoCo, which may be explained by higher mesoporous surface area and better dispersion of MoCo metals on the AlCNF support relative to alumina support. The BET surface area of AlMoCo may be 75% less than Al-CNF-MoCo, e.g., 166 vs. 200 m.sup.2/g. SEM images indicate that the catalyst nanoparticles can be evenly distributed on the surface of the CNF. The surface area of the AlMoCoB5% may be 206 m.sup.2/g, which is higher than AlMoCoB0% and AlMoCoB2%, and AlMoCoB5% has the highest HDS activity, removing more than 98% sulfur and below allowed levels.

Carbon nanofiber doped alumina (Al-CNF) supported MoCo catalysts in hydrodesulfurization (HDS), and/or boron doping, e.g., up to 5 wt % of total catalyst weight, can improve catalytic efficiency. Al-CNF-supported MoCo catalysts, (Al-CNF-MoCo), can reduce the sulfur concentration in fuel, esp. liquid fuel, to below the required limit in a 6 h reaction time. Thus, Al-CNF-MoCo has a higher catalytic activity than AlMoCo, which may be explained by higher mesoporous surface area and better dispersion of MoCo metals on the AlCNF support relative to alumina support. The BET surface area of AlMoCo may be 75% less than Al-CNF-MoCo, e.g., 166 vs. 200 m.sup.2/g. SEM images indicate that the catalyst nanoparticles can be evenly distributed on the surface of the CNF. The surface area of the AlMoCoB 5% may be 206 m.sup.2/g, which is higher than AlMoCoB 0% and AlMoCoB 2%, and AlMoCoB 5% has the highest HDS activity, removing more than 98% sulfur and below allowed levels.

Carbon nanofiber doped alumina (Al-CNF) supported MoCo catalysts in hydrodesulfurization (HDS), and/or boron doping, e.g., up to 5 wt % of total catalyst weight, can improve catalytic efficiency. Al-CNF-supported MoCo catalysts, (Al-CNF-MoCo), can reduce the sulfur concentration in fuel, esp. liquid fuel, to below the required limit in a 6 h reaction time. Thus, Al-CNF-MoCo has a higher catalytic activity than AlMoCo, which may be explained by higher mesoporous surface area and better dispersion of MoCo metals on the AlCNF support relative to alumina support. The BET surface area of AlMoCo may be 75% less than Al-CNF-MoCo, e.g., 166 vs. 200 m.sup.2/g. SEM images indicate that the catalyst nanoparticles can be evenly distributed on the surface of the CNF. The surface area of the AlMoCoB 5% may be 206 m.sup.2/g, which is higher than AlMoCoB 0% and AlMoCoB 2%, and AlMoCoB 5% has the highest HDS activity, removing more than 98% sulfur and below allowed levels.

Carbon nanofiber doped alumina (Al-CNF) supported MoCo catalysts in hydrodesulfurization (HDS), and/or boron doping, e.g., up to 5 wt % of total catalyst weight, can improve catalytic efficiency. Al-CNF-supported MoCo catalysts, (Al-CNF-MoCo), can reduce the sulfur concentration in fuel, esp. liquid fuel, to below the required limit in a 6 h reaction time. Thus, Al-CNF-MoCo has a higher catalytic activity than AlMoCo, which may be explained by higher mesoporous surface area and better dispersion of MoCo metals on the AlCNF support relative to alumina support. The BET surface area of AlMoCo may be 75% less than Al-CNF-MoCo, e.g., 166 vs. 200 m.sup.2/g. SEM images indicate that the catalyst nanoparticles can be evenly distributed on the surface of the CNF. The surface area of the AlMoCoB5% may be 206 m.sup.2/g, which is higher than AlMoCoB0% and AlMoCoB2%, and AlMoCoB5% has the highest HDS activity, removing more than 98% sulfur and below allowed levels.

Carbon nanofiber doped alumina (Al-CNF) supported MoCo catalysts in hydrodesulfurization (HDS), and/or boron doping, e.g., up to 5 wt % of total catalyst weight, can improve catalytic efficiency. Al-CNF-supported MoCo catalysts, (Al-CNF-MoCo), can reduce the sulfur concentration in fuel, esp. liquid fuel, to below the required limit in a 6 h reaction time. Thus, Al-CNF-MoCo has a higher catalytic activity than AlMoCo, which may be explained by higher mesoporous surface area and better dispersion of MoCo metals on the AlCNF support relative to alumina support. The BET surface area of AlMoCo may be 75% less than Al-CNF-MoCo, e.g., 166 vs. 200 m.sup.2/g. SEM images indicate that the catalyst nanoparticles can be evenly distributed on the surface of the CNF. The surface area of the AlMoCoB5% may be 206 m.sup.2/g, which is higher than AlMoCoB0% and AlMoCoB2%, and AlMoCoB5% has the highest HDS activity, removing more than 98% sulfur and below allowed levels.

A hydroconversion catalyst with a bimodal pore structure: an oxide matrix predominantly of calcined aluminium; a hydro-dehydrogenative active phase of at least one group VIII metal being at least partly commixed within the said oxide matrix mainly made up of calcined aluminium, an S.sub.BET specific surface greater than 100 m.sup.2/g, a mesoporous median diameter in volume between 12 and 25 nm inclusive, a macroporous median diameter in volume between 250 and 1500 nm inclusive, a mesoporous volume as measured by mercury intrusion porosimeter greater than or equal to 0.55 ml/g and a total measured pore volume by mercury porosimetry greater than or equal to 0.70 ml/g;
a method for preparing a residue catalyst for hydroconversion/hydroprocessing by commixing the active phase with a particular alumina,
the use of the catalyst in hydroproces sing, including hydroproces sing heavy feeds.

Carbon nanofiber doped alumina (AlCNF) supported MoCo catalysts in hydrodesulfurization (HDS), and/or boron doping, e.g., up to 5 wt % of total catalyst weight, can improve catalytic efficiency. AlCNF-supported MoCo catalysts, (AlCNFMoCo), can reduce the sulfur concentration in fuel, esp. liquid fuel, to below the required limit in a 6 h reaction time. Thus, AlCNFMoCo has a higher catalytic activity than AlMoCo, which may be explained by higher mesoporous surface area and better dispersion of MoCo metals on the AlCNF support relative to alumina support. The BET surface area of AlMoCo may be 75% less than AlCNFMoCo, e.g., 166 vs. 200 m.sup.2/g. SEM images indicate that the catalyst nanoparticles can be evenly distributed on the surface of the CNF. The surface area of the AlMoCoB 5% may be 206 m.sup.2/g, which is higher than AlMoCoB 0% and AlMoCoB 2%, and AlMoCoB 5% has the highest HDS activity, removing more than 98% sulfur and below allowed levels.

Carbon nanofiber doped alumina (AlCNF) supported MoCo catalysts in hydrodesulfurization (HDS), and/or boron doping, e.g., up to 5 wt % of total catalyst weight, can improve catalytic efficiency. AlCNF-supported MoCo catalysts, (AlCNFMoCo), can reduce the sulfur concentration in fuel, esp. liquid fuel, to below the required limit in a 6 h reaction time. Thus, AlCNFMoCo has a higher catalytic activity than AlMoCo, which may be explained by higher mesoporous surface area and better dispersion of MoCo metals on the AlCNF support relative to alumina support. The BET surface area of AlMoCo may be 75% less than AlCNFMoCo, e.g., 166 vs. 200 m.sup.2/g. SEM images indicate that the catalyst nanoparticles can be evenly distributed on the surface of the CNF. The surface area of the AlMoCoB 5% may be 206 m.sup.2/g, which is higher than AlMoCoB 0% and AlMoCoB 2%, and AlMoCoB 5% has the highest HDS activity, removing more than 98% sulfur and below allowed levels.