A process is presented for the production of high quality kerosene from lower quality feedstocks, including kerosene produced from coker units, or kerosene from cracking units. The process includes hydrotreating the feedstock to remove contaminants in the feedstock. The hydrotreated process stream is then treated in a trim reactor at higher pressure to reduce the bromine index of the kerosene.

Disclosed is a process for the purification of an organic composition (OC1) by adsorption using an assembly containing at least two adsorbers. The organic composition (OC1) comprising at least one alkane, at least one olefin and at least one compound containing oxygen and/or sulphur is fed into a first adsorber (A1) of the assembly in order to obtain an organic composition (OC2) comprising at least one alkane, at least one olefin and a reduced amount of at least one compound containing oxygen and/or sulphur compared to the respective amount in organic composition (OC1). Hydrogenation of the organic composition (OC2) provides a stream (S2) comprising at least one alkane and a reduced amount of at least one olefin compared to the respective amount in organic composition (OC2) obtained after feeding into the first adsorber (A1). A second adsorber (A2) of the assembly is regenerated by contact with stream (S2).

A multi-stage process for reducing the environmental contaminants in an ISO8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil involving a core desulfurizing process and a ultrasound treatment process as either a pre-treating step or post-treating step to the core process. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil complies with ISO 8217 for residual marine fuel oils and has a sulfur level has a maximum sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 0.05 mass % to 1.0 mass. A process plant for conducting the process is also disclosed.

A multi-stage process for reducing the environmental contaminants in an ISO8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil involving a core desulfurizing process and a ultrasound treatment process as either a pre-treating step or post-treating step to the core process. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil complies with ISO 8217 for residual marine fuel oils and has a sulfur level has a maximum sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 0.05 mass % to 1.0 mass. A process plant for conducting the process is also disclosed.

Systems and methods are provided to allow for characterization of feeds, intermediate effluents, and/or products during lubricant base stock production. More generally, the systems and methods can allow for characterization of aromatics in various types of hydroprocessed intermediate effluents and/or products. In some aspects, the characterization can include measuring a fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectrum for a sample, and then generating a representation of the spectrum by fitting the measured spectrum to a linear combination of spectra corresponding to compounds or compound classes. As the hydroprocessing process continues, additional measured spectra and comparing the fit quality of the representation to the subsequently measured spectra. When the fit quality falls below a threshold value, the loss in fit quality indicates a change in the number and/or distribution of aromatics in the sample. In other aspects, fluorescence excitation-emission spectroscopy can be used to characterize the amount of aromatics within a sample that correspond to one or more fluorescence compound classes. Based on this characterization, adjustments can be made to a process to reduce undesirable levels of aromatics, such as undesirable levels of polynuclear aromatics.

Systems and methods are provided to allow for characterization of feeds, intermediate effluents, and/or products during lubricant base stock production. More generally, the systems and methods can allow for characterization of aromatics in various types of hydroprocessed intermediate effluents and/or products. In some aspects, the characterization can include measuring a fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectrum for a sample, and then generating a representation of the spectrum by fitting the measured spectrum to a linear combination of spectra corresponding to compounds or compound classes. As the hydroprocessing process continues, additional measured spectra and comparing the fit quality of the representation to the subsequently measured spectra. When the fit quality falls below a threshold value, the loss in fit quality indicates a change in the number and/or distribution of aromatics in the sample. In other aspects, fluorescence excitation-emission spectroscopy can be used to characterize the amount of aromatics within a sample that correspond to one or more fluorescence compound classes. Based on this characterization, adjustments can be made to a process to reduce undesirable levels of aromatics, such as undesirable levels of polynuclear aromatics.

The present technology provides a method that includes contacting a composition with a caustic solution to produce a caustic-treated composition; combining the caustic-treated composition with silica particles to produce a slurry; and removing the silica particles from the slurry to produce a treated composition; wherein the composition includes one or more of animal fats, animal oils, plant fats, plant oils, vegetable fats, vegetable oils, greases, and used cooking oil and the composition includes: at least about 10 wppm of total metals, at least about 8 wppm of phosphorus, at least about 10 wppm of chlorine, at least about 10 wppm of sulfur, at least about 20 wppm of nitrogen, at least about 5 wt. % of free fatty acids; and has an acid number from about 10 mg KOH/g to about 150 mg KOH/g, and the silica particles has a particle size from about 10 microns to about 50 microns, a BET surface area from about 200 m.sup.2/g to about 1000 m.sup.2/g.

A process for reducing the environmental contaminants in a ISO 8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil (Feedstock), the process involving: mixing a quantity of the Feedstock with a quantity of Activating Gas mixture to give a feedstock mixture; contacting the feedstock mixture with one or more catalysts to form a Process Mixture from the feedstock mixture; separating the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil liquid (Product) components of the Process Mixture from the gaseous components and by-product hydrocarbons of the Process Mixture and, discharging the Product. The Product is compliant with ISO standards for residual marine fuel oils and has a maximum sulfur content between the range of 0.05% wt. to 0.50% wt. The Product can be used as or as a blending stock for compliant, low sulfur or ultralow sulfur heavy marine fuel oil. A device for conducting the process is also disclosed.

A process for reducing the environmental contaminants in a ISO 8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil (Feedstock), the process involving: mixing a quantity of the Feedstock with a quantity of Activating Gas mixture to give a feedstock mixture; contacting the feedstock mixture with one or more catalysts to form a Process Mixture from the feedstock mixture; separating the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil liquid (Product) components of the Process Mixture from the gaseous components and by-product hydrocarbons of the Process Mixture and, discharging the Product. The Product is compliant with ISO standards for residual marine fuel oils and has a maximum sulfur content between the range of 0.05% wt. to 0.50% wt. The Product can be used as or as a blending stock for compliant, low sulfur or ultralow sulfur heavy marine fuel oil. A device for conducting the process is also disclosed.

A system for upgrading heavy hydrocarbon feeds, such as crude oil, include a hydrotreating unit, a hydrotreated effluent separation system, a solvent-assisted adsorption system, and a hydrocracking unit. Processes for upgrading heavy hydrocarbon feeds include hydrotreating the hydrocarbon feed to produce a hydrotreated effluent that includes asphaltenes, separating the hydrotreated effluent into a lesser boiling hydrotreated effluent and a greater boiling hydrotreated effluent comprising the asphaltenes, combining the greater boiling hydrotreated effluent with a light paraffin solvent to produce a combined stream, adsorbing the asphaltenes from the combined stream to produce an adsorption effluent, and hydrocracking the lesser boiling hydrotreated effluent and at least a portion of the adsorption effluent to produce a hydrocracked effluent with hydrocarbons boiling less than 180° C. The systems and processes increase the hydrocarbon conversion and yield of hydrocarbons boiling less than 180° C.