A new catalyst hydroisomerizes C18 paraffins from fatty acids to a high degree to produce a composition with acceptable freeze point which retains 18 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon molecule for jet fuel. We have discovered a fuel composition comprising at least 14 wt % hydrocarbon molecules having at least 18 carbon atoms and a freeze point not higher than −40° C. The composition also may exhibit a exhibiting a final boiling point of no more than 300° C. The hydroisomerization process can be once through or a portion of the product diesel stream may be selectively hydrocracked or recycled to hydroisomerization to obtain a fuel composition that meets jet fuel specifications.

A new catalyst hydroisomerizes C18 paraffins from fatty acids to a high degree to produce a composition with acceptable freeze point which retains 18 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon molecule for jet fuel. We have discovered a fuel composition comprising at least 14 wt % hydrocarbon molecules having at least 18 carbon atoms and a freeze point not higher than −40° C. The composition also may exhibit a exhibiting a final boiling point of no more than 300° C. The hydroisomerization process can be once through or a portion of the product diesel stream may be selectively hydrocracked or recycled to hydroisomerization to obtain a fuel composition that meets jet fuel specifications.

In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, a heavy oil may be upgraded by a process that may include removing at least a portion of metals from the heavy oil in a hydrodemetalization reaction zone to form a hydrodemetalization reaction effluent, removing at least a portion of metals and at least a portion of nitrogen from the hydrodemetalization reaction effluent in a transition reaction zone to form a transition reaction effluent, removing at least a portion of nitrogen from the transition reaction effluent in a hydrodenitrogenation reaction zone to form a hydrodenitrogenation reaction effluent, and reducing aromatics content in the hydrodenitrogenation reaction effluent in a hydrocracking reaction zone by contacting the hydrodenitrogenation reaction effluent to form an upgraded fuel.

In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, a heavy oil may be upgraded by a process that may include removing at least a portion of metals from the heavy oil in a hydrodemetalization reaction zone to form a hydrodemetalization reaction effluent, removing at least a portion of metals and at least a portion of nitrogen from the hydrodemetalization reaction effluent in a transition reaction zone to form a transition reaction effluent, removing at least a portion of nitrogen from the transition reaction effluent in a hydrodenitrogenation reaction zone to form a hydrodenitrogenation reaction effluent, and reducing aromatics content in the hydrodenitrogenation reaction effluent in a hydrocracking reaction zone by contacting the hydrodenitrogenation reaction effluent to form an upgraded fuel.

A method may include: hydropyrolyzing a bio feedstock in a hydropyrolysis unit to produce at least a hydropyrolysis oil; introducing at least a portion of the hydropyrolysis oil with a hydrocarbon co-feed into a fluidized catalytic cracking unit; and cracking the hydropyrolysis oil in the fluidized catalytic cracking unit to produce at least fuel range hydrocarbons.

A method may include: hydropyrolyzing a bio feedstock in a hydropyrolysis unit to produce at least a hydropyrolysis oil; introducing at least a portion of the hydropyrolysis oil with a hydrocarbon co-feed into a fluidized catalytic cracking unit; and cracking the hydropyrolysis oil in the fluidized catalytic cracking unit to produce at least fuel range hydrocarbons.

According to one or more embodiments, petrochemical products may be formed from a hydrocarbon material by a method that includes separating crude oil into at least two or more fractions in an atmospheric distillation column, hydrotreating the atmospheric residue to form a hydrotreated atmospheric residue, combining steam with the hydrotreated atmospheric residue, and cracking at least a portion of the hydrotreated atmospheric residue in the presence of a first catalyst to produce a cracking reaction product.

According to one or more embodiments, petrochemical products may be formed from a hydrocarbon material by a method that includes separating crude oil into at least two or more fractions in an atmospheric distillation column, hydrotreating the atmospheric residue to form a hydrotreated atmospheric residue, combining steam with the hydrotreated atmospheric residue, and cracking at least a portion of the hydrotreated atmospheric residue in the presence of a first catalyst to produce a cracking reaction product.

A system includes a hydroprocessing zone configured to remove impurities from crude oil; a first separation unit configured to separate a liquid output from the hydroprocessing zone into a light fraction and a light fraction; an aromatic extraction subsystem configured to extract aromatic petrochemicals from the light fraction; and a fluid catalytic cracking unit configured to crack the heavy fraction into multiple products.

A system includes a hydroprocessing zone configured to remove impurities from crude oil; a first separation unit configured to separate a liquid output from the hydroprocessing zone into a light fraction and a light fraction; an aromatic extraction subsystem configured to extract aromatic petrochemicals from the light fraction; and a fluid catalytic cracking unit configured to crack the heavy fraction into multiple products.