A process for conversion of a hydro-carbonaceous feed including ionic halides to a hydrocarbon product stream by hydrotreatment, wherein the stream is combined with wash water, the weight ratio between wash water and hydrocarbon product stream water is between 1:10 and 10:1, wherein the combined hydrocarbon product stream and wash water are separated in a non-polar stream of hydrocarbon product and a polar stream of wash water including ionic halides, such that from 50% of the ionic halides are transferred from the hydrocarbon product stream to the polar stream of wash water including ionic halides, wherein the polar stream of wash water is directed to a means of concentrating, to provide a stream of purified water and a stream of brine having a concentration of ionic halides being more than 2 times and less than 100 times above that of the polar stream of waste water including ionic halides.

A system for continuously treating recycled polymeric material includes a hopper configured to feed the recycled polymeric material into the system. An extruder can turn the recycled polymeric material in a molten material. In some embodiments, the extruder uses thermal fluids, electric heaters, and/or a separate heater. The molten material is depolymerized in a reactor. In some embodiments, a catalyst is used to aid in depolymerizing the material. In certain embodiments, the catalyst is contained in a permeable container. The depolymerized molten material can then be cooled via a heat exchanger. In some embodiments, multiple reactors are used. In certain embodiments, these reactors are connected in series. In some embodiments, the reactor(s) contain removable static mixer(s) and/or removable annular inserts.

A method and a system for treatment of a spent chloroaluminate ionic liquid catalyst and an alkaline wastewater, where the method includes: 1) mixing the catalyst with a concentrated brine for hydrolysis reaction until residual activity of the catalyst is completely eliminated, to obtain an acidic hydrolysate and an acid-soluble oil; 2) mixing the acidic hydrolysate with an alkaline solution containing the alkaline wastewater for neutralization reaction until this reaction system becomes weak alkaline, to obtain a neutralization solution; 3) fully mixing the neutralization solution with a flocculant, carrying out sedimentation and separation, collecting the concentrated brine at an upper layer for reuse in the hydrolysis reaction, and collecting concentrated flocs at a lower layer; 4) dehydrating the concentrated flocs to obtain concentrated brine for reuse into the hydrolysis reaction, and collecting a wet solid slag; and 5) drying the wet solid slag to obtain a dry solid slag.

A method is disclosed of purifying a recycled or renewable organic material, wherein the recycled or renewable organic material contains more than 20 ppm Cl. Exemplary methods include (a) providing the recycled or renewable organic material; (b) purifying the organic recycled or renewable organic material to obtain a purified recycled or renewable organic material, and (c) hydrotreating the purified recycled or renewable organic material in a presence of a hydrotreating catalyst at a temperature from 270 to 380° C. under pressure from 4 to 20 MPa and under continuous hydrogen flow; to obtain purified hydrotreated recycled or renewable organic material.

In an aspect, a method is disclosed that includes contacting a composition with an aqueous solution to yield a mixture, where the composition includes one or more of animal fats, animal oils, plant fats, plant oils, vegetable fats, vegetable oils, greases, and used cooking oil, about 5 wt. % or more of free fatty acids, about 10 wppm or more of total metals, about 8 wppm or more phosphorus, about 20 wppm or more of nitrogen, and the aqueous solution includes ((NH.sub.4).sub.2H.sub.2EDTA, (NH.sub.4).sub.4EDTA, a monoammonium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, a diammonium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, a triammonium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, a tetraammonium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, (NH.sub.4).sub.5DTPA, a combination of citric acid and Na.sub.4EDTA, a combination of citric acid and Na.sub.2H.sub.2EDTA, a combination of citric acid and a monosodium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, a combination of citric acid and a disodium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, a combination of citric acid and a trisodium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, a combination of citric acid and a tetrasodium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, a combination of citric acid and Na.sub.5DTPA, or a combination of any two or more thereof, where the method further includes centrifuging the mixture to yield a first treated composition, wherein the first treated composition has less total metals and less phosphorus than the composition.

A system for producing oil is disclosed. The system may comprise a container for a naturally occurring or synthetically produced hydrocarbon source material. The system may also comprise a material preparation device to physically degrade the hydrocarbon source material into small pieces. The system may further comprise a heat source to heat the hydrocarbon source material indirectly by heating the container, the hydrocarbon source material being heated to a temperature sufficient to gasify hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon source material and release the hydrocarbons therefrom. The system may still further comprise a fractionation device fluidly coupled to the container to receive the hydrocarbons and separate the hydrocarbons into like components. Additionally, the system may comprise a collection container to receive the like components.

A hydrocarbon cracker stream is combined with recycle content pyrolysis oil to form a combined cracker stream and the combined cracker stream is cracked in a cracker furnace to provide an olefin-containing effluent. The r-pyoil can be fed to the cracker feed. More specifically the-pyoil is present in said feedstock in an amount of not more than 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the feedstock.

The present invention relates generally to the generation of bio-products from organic matter feedstocks. More specifically, the present invention relates to the use of pulping liquors in the hydrothermal/thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic and/or fossilised organic feedstocks into biofuels (e.g. bio-oils) and/or chemical products (e.g. platform chemicals).

The invention relates to a process for producing energy products, notably fuel, by catalytic cracking of a hydrocarbon-based solid material without coke formation, in which a cracking dispersion (40) is heated, said dispersion comprising: a solid material (1) in divided form containing at least one hydrocarbon-based compound; a liquid (30) which is inert with respect to catalytic cracking;
so that the cracking dispersion (40) reaches a temperature suitable for allowing catalytic cracking of at least one hydrocarbon-based compound;
characterized in that the cracking temperature is reached by mixing an amount of cracking dispersion (40) and an amount of inert liquid (30) brought to a temperature above the cracking temperature, such that the mixture formed reaches a temperature above the cracking temperature and below the temperature for formation of coke, dioxin and furan. The invention also relates to a device for performing such a process.

The invention relates to an apparatus for the material treatment of raw materials. The apparatus has a heating system, a distillation unit and a reaction unit to be loaded with the raw materials for treatment. The heating system can be opened and closed to be fitted with the reaction unit. The heating system comprises a top element and a jacket element firmly connected to the top element, and supporting elements. The length of the support elements can be varied in the vertical direction, between two end positions, the heating system can be opened and closed in the vertical direction of movement. The invention further relates to a method for operating an apparatus for the material treatment of raw materials.