The invention discloses a method for producing bio-fuel (BF) from a high-viscosity biomass using thermo-chemical conversion of the biomass in a production line (10) with pumping means (PM), heating means (HM) and cooling means (CM). The method has the steps of 1) operating the pumping means, the heating means and the cooling means so that the production line is under supercritical fluid conditions (SCF) to induce biomass conversion in a conversion zone (CZ) within the production line, and 2) operating the pumping means so that at least part of the production line is in an oscillatory flow (OF) mode. The invention is advantageous for providing an improved method for producing biofuel from a high-viscosity biomass. This is performed by an advantageous combination of two operating modes: supercritical fluid (SCF) conditions and oscillatory flow (OF).

A process for conversion of a hydro-carbonaceous feed including ionic halides to a hydrocarbon product stream by hydrotreatment, wherein the stream is combined with wash water, the weight ratio between wash water and hydrocarbon product stream water is between 1:10 and 10:1, wherein the combined hydrocarbon product stream and wash water are separated in a non-polar stream of hydrocarbon product and a polar stream of wash water including ionic halides, such that from 50% of the ionic halides are transferred from the hydrocarbon product stream to the polar stream of wash water including ionic halides, wherein the polar stream of wash water is directed to a means of concentrating, to provide a stream of purified water and a stream of brine having a concentration of ionic halides being more than 2 times and less than 100 times above that of the polar stream of waste water including ionic halides.

A system for the pyrolysis of a pyrolysis feedstock utilizes a pyrolysis reactor for producing pyrolysis products from the pyrolysis feedstock to be pyrolyzed. An eductor condenser unit in fluid communication with the pyrolysis reactor is used to condense pyrolysis gases. The eductor condenser unit has an eductor assembly having an eductor body that defines a first flow path with a venturi restriction disposed therein for receiving a pressurized coolant fluid and a second flow path for receiving pyrolysis gases from the pyrolysis reactor The second flow path intersects the first flow path so that the received pyrolysis gases are combined with the coolant fluid. The eductor body has a discharge to allow the combined coolant fluid and pyrolysis gases to be discharged together from the eductor. A mixing chamber in fluid communication with the discharge of the eductor to facilitates mixing of the combined coolant fluid and pyrolysis gases, wherein at least a portion of the pyrolysis gases are condensed within the mixing chamber.

The invention relates to a processes comprising the steps of: in an evaporator forming a gas phase methanol rich stream from a feed stream; withdrawing a liquid purge stream from the evaporator, said liquid purge stream comprising oxygenates and water; providing the gas phase methanol rich stream to a conversion step; and adding at least part of said liquid purge stream upstream the conversion step.

A process for producing products from biomass comprises pyrolysing biomass at a selected temperature and producing a bio-syngas, processing bio-syngas from pyrolysis step (a) to remove condensable constituents from the bio-syngas, and processing the non-condensable bio-syngas from bio-syngas processing step (b) and producing one or more than one product, such as bio-fuels, bio-chemicals, bio-solvents and bio-plastics.

A marine fuel blend comprising renewable hydrotreated fuel is disclosed. The present marine fuel blend is environmentally friendly and has good pour point and storage stability.

A method is disclosed of purifying a recycled or renewable organic material, wherein the recycled or renewable organic material contains more than 20 ppm Cl. Exemplary methods include (a) providing the recycled or renewable organic material; (b) purifying the organic recycled or renewable organic material to obtain a purified recycled or renewable organic material, and (c) hydrotreating the purified recycled or renewable organic material in a presence of a hydrotreating catalyst at a temperature from 270 to 380° C. under pressure from 4 to 20 MPa and under continuous hydrogen flow; to obtain purified hydrotreated recycled or renewable organic material.

The Invention discloses a method for improving the quality of oil products and increasing the yield of low-carbon olefins by catalytic cracking of bio-oil, which takes bio-oil or mixed oil of bio-oil and hydrocarbon oil as raw oil for catalytic cracking reaction. With this method, the octane number of the gasoline in product is obviously increased, simultaneously, the content of propylene and other low-carbon olefins in product is also improved.

A renewable biofuel based on a highly efficient batch catalysis methodology for conversion of 1-butene to a new class of potential jet fuel blends. By tuning the catalyst and then using the dimer produced, the carbon use is about 95% or greater. This latter point will be particularly important in the future, where the source of raw materials (i.e., biomass/biofeedstock) is limited.

A selective removal of metal and its anion species that are detrimental to subsequent hydrothermal hydrocatalytic conversion from the biomass feed prior to carrying out catalytic hydrogenation/hydrogenolysis/hydrodeoxygenation of the biomass in a manner that does not reduce the effectiveness of the hydrothermal hydrocatalytic treatment while minimizing the amount of water used in the process is provided.