A method to produce a fuel product such as jet fuel, diesel, or single battlefield fuel from a Fischer Tropsch syncrude comprising the steps of: 1) generation of synthesis gas; 2) conversion of synthesis gas to hydrocarbon products by the Fischer Tropsch reaction; 3) upgrading raw Fischer Tropsch products by hydrocracking and hydroisomerization; 4) converting a portion of the Fischer Tropsch naphtha into aromatic hydrocarbons by dehydrocyclization; 5) hydrogenating CO2 from steps 1 and 2 to make olefinic hydrocarbon products; 6) alkylating aromatics from step 4 with olefins from step 5; and 7) combining the paraffin and iso-paraffin products from step 3 with alkylated aromatics from step 6 and distilling to make a low carbon distillate fuel. The method can be modified to make a single fuel product, preferably a jet fuel product.

In a process for monitoring the operation of hydrodeoxygenation of a feedstock, comprising the steps of directing the feedstock to contact a material catalytically active in hydrotreatment, monitoring the temperature in multiple locations of said catalytically active material, and providing an indication in a means for process monitoring when the difference between the temperature in a first location of said catalytically active material and the temperature in a second location of said catalytically active material is above a specified threshold value, the difference between the temperature in said first location of the catalytically active material and the temperature in said second location of the catalytically active material is below the specified threshold value during an initial operation time.

An integrated process for the production of a useful liquid hydrocarbon product comprises: feeding a gasification zone with an oxygen-containing feed and a first carbonaceous feedstock comprising waste materials and/or biomass, gasifying the first carbonaceous feedstock in the gasification zone to produce first synthesis gas, partially oxidising the first synthesis gas in a partial oxidation zone to generate partially oxidised synthesis gas, combining at least a portion of the first synthesis gas and/or the partially oxidised synthesis gas and at least a portion of electrolysis hydrogen obtained from an electrolyser in an amount to achieve the desired hydrogen to carbon monoxide molar ratio of from about 1.5:1 to about 2.5:1, and to generate a blended synthesis gas, wherein the electrolyser operates using green electricity; and subjecting at least a portion of the blended synthesis gas to a conversion process effective to produce the liquid hydrocarbon product.

Disclosed are a pretreatment method and system for a fraction oil for the production of alkylbenzene, the method comprising: adding a fraction oil, a weak base solution and an inorganic salt solution into a reactor, and leaving same to stand and layering same after the reaction is complete; adding water and an inorganic salt solution into an oil phase for washing with water; extracting same with a polar solvent having a high boiling point, and then adsorbing same with an adsorbent to separate oxygen-containing compounds in the neutral fraction oil; sending the extraction agent containing the oxygen-containing compounds to an extraction agent recovery unit; and then sending the neutral fraction oil to an alkylation reactor for a reaction.

An aviation fuel composition is disclosed, containing 50-95 vol-% of petroleum-derived jet fuel component, and 5-50 vol-% of renewable middle distillate component. The fuel composition has a viscosity of 12 mm2/s or below at −40° C., 10 mm2/s or below at −30° C., and 8 mm2/s or below at −20° C., as measured in accordance with an EN ISO 3104 (1996) standard. A method for producing the aviation fuel composition is also disclosed. The method containing mixing the petroleum derived jet fuel component and the renewable middle distillate component to obtain the aviation fuel composition, such that the petroleum-derived jet fuel component and the renewable middle distillate component are mixed together in an amount containing 5-50 vol-% of renewable middle distillate component and about 50-95 vol-% of petroleum-derived jet fuel component.

A device and process for the conversion of aromatic compounds, includes/uses: a unit for the separation of the xylenes suitable for treating a cut comprising xylenes and ethylbenzene and producing an extract comprising para-xylene and a raffinate; an isomerization unit suitable for treating the raffinate and producing an isomerate enriched in para-xylene which is sent to a fractionation train; a pyrolysis unit suitable for treating biomass, producing a pyrolysis effluent feeding, at least partially, the feedstock, and producing a pyrolysis gas comprising CO and H.sub.2; a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction section suitable for treating, at least in part, the pyrolysis gas, producing a synthesis effluent sent, at least in part, to the pyrolysis unit.

The present invention provides a process for the manufacture of a useful product from carbonaceous feedstock of fluctuating compositional characteristics, the process comprising the steps of: continuously providing the carbonaceous feedstock of fluctuating compositional characteristics to a gasification zone; gasifying the carbonaceous feedstock in the gasification zone to obtain raw synthesis gas; sequentially removing ammoniacal, sulphurous and carbon dioxide impurities from the raw synthesis gas to form desulphurised gas and recovering carbon dioxide in substantially pure form; converting at least a portion of the desulphurised synthesis gas to a useful product. Despite having selected a more energy intensive sub-process i.e. physical absorption for removal of acid gas impurities, the overall power requirement of the facility is lower on account of lower steam requirements and thereby leading to a decrease in the carbon intensity score for the facility.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a residual base oil from a hydrocarbon feed which is derived from a Fischer-Tropsch process, the process comprises the steps of: (a) providing a hydrocarbon feed which is derived from a Fischer-Tropsch process; (b) subjecting the hydrocarbon feed of step (a) to a hydrocracking/hydroisomerisation step to obtain an at least partially isomerised product; (c) separating at least part of the at least partially isomerised product as obtained in step (b) into one or more lower boiling fractions and a hydrowax residue fraction; (d) catalytic dewaxing of the hydrowax residue fraction of step (c) to obtain a highly isomerised product; (e) separating the highly isomerised product of step (d) into one or more light fractions and a isomerised residual fraction; (f) mixing of the isomerised residual fraction of step (e) with a diluent to obtain a diluted isomerised residual fraction; (g) cooling the diluted isomerised residual fraction of step (f) to a temperature between 0° C. and −60° C.; (i) subjecting the mixture of step (g) to a centrifuging step at a temperature between 0° C. and −60° C. to isolate the wax from the diluted isomerised residual fraction; (j) separating the diluent from the diluted isomerised residual fraction to obtain a residual base oil.

A unique process and catalyst is described that operates efficiently for the direct production of a high cetane diesel type fuel or diesel type blending stock from stochiometric mixtures of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. This invention allows for, but is not limited to, the economical and efficient production high quality diesel type fuels from small or distributed fuel production plants that have an annual production capacity of less than 10,000 barrels of product per day, by eliminating traditional wax upgrading processes. This catalytic process is ideal for distributed diesel fuel production plants such as gas to liquids production and other applications that require optimized economics based on supporting distributed feedstock resources.

A process (10) for the recovery of hydrocarbons from a Fischer-Tropsch tail gas includes providing a hydrocarbon rich Fischer-Tropsch tail gas (30) which includes hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide, compressing (14) the hydrocarbon rich Fischer-Tropsch tail gas (30) to provide a compressed hydrocarbon rich Fischer-Tropsch tail gas (36, 54), and contacting the compressed hydrocarbon rich Fischer-Tropsch tail gas (36, 54) with a lean oil (64, 54) to recover the hydrocarbons from the compressed hydrocarbon rich Fischer-Tropsch tail gas (36, 54) and to produce a hydrocarbon rich oil (66). Carbon dioxide is stripped (20) from the hydrocarbon rich oil (66) at a pressure which is below the pressure at which the hydrocarbon rich Fischer-Tropsch tail gas (36, 54) is contacted with the lean oil (64, 54), to provide a stripped hydrocarbon oil product (86).