Hydrocracked bottoms fractions are treated to separate HPNA compounds and/or HPNA precursor compounds and produce a reduced-HPNA hydrocracked bottoms fraction effective for recycle. A process for separation of HPNA and/or HPNA precursor compounds from a hydrocracked bottoms fraction of a hydroprocessing reaction effluent comprises contacting the hydrocracked bottoms fraction with heteropoly acid compounds to promote adsorption of HPNAs onto the heteropoly acids and to produce a heteropoly acid treated hydrocracked bottoms fraction, that is recycled within the hydrocracking operation.

Systems and methods are provided for increasing the yield of products generated during co-processing of biomass oil in a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) system. The systems and methods can allow for increased yield by reducing or minimizing formation of carbon oxides, gas phase products, and/or coke yields during the co-processing. This can be achieved by adding a hydrogen-rich co-feed to the co-processing environment. Examples of hydrogen-rich co-feeds include high hydrogen content vacuum gas oil co-feed, high hydrogen content distillate co-feed, and/or high hydrogen content naphtha co-feed. Additionally or alternately, various types of fractions that contain a sufficient amount of hydrogen donor compounds can be used to reduce or minimize carbon oxide formation

Generally, it is disclosed a catalyst for use in a hydrotreating hydrocarbon feedstocks and the method of making such catalyst. It is generically provided that the catalyst comprises at least one Group VIB metal component, at least one Group VIII metal component, about (1) to (about (30) wt % C, and preferably about (1) to about (20) wt % C, and more preferably about (5) to about 15 wt % C of one or more sulfur containing organic additive and a titanium-containing carrier component, wherein the amount of the titanium component is in the range of about (3) to (about (60) wt %, expressed as an oxide (Ti0.sub.2) and based on the total weight of the catalyst. The titanium-containing carrier is formed by co-extruding or precipitating a titanium source with a Al203 precursor to form a porous support material comprising Al.sub.20.sub.3 or by impregnating a titanium source onto a porous support material comprising Al.sub.20.sub.3.

A highly active hydroprocessing catalyst that comprises a doped support impregnated with at lease one hydrogenation metal component and filled with an organic additive blend. The catalyst is made by providing a doped support particle followed by impregnating the doped support particle with a metal impregnation solution to provide a metal-impregnated doped support particle. The metal-impregnated doped support particle is dried but not calcined and impregnated with an organic additive blend component.

A process for producing propylene and a low-sulfur fuel oil component, comprising the steps of: i) contacting a hydrocarbon-containing feedstock oil with a catalytic conversion catalyst for reaction under effective conditions in a catalytic conversion reactor in the absence of hydrogen to obtain a reaction product comprising propylene; ii) separating the reaction product from step i) to obtain a catalytic cracking distillate oil, and iii) subjecting the catalytic cracking distillate oil to hydrodesulfurization to obtain a low-sulfur hydrogenated distillate oil suitable for use as a fuel oil component. The process can greatly improve the propylene selectivity and propylene yield while producing more fuel oil components, significantly reduce the yield of dry gas and coke, and thus has better economic and social benefits.

A process of producing a hydrocracking product in a slurry hydrocracking reactor. A pyrolysis oil, a hydrocarbon feedstock, and a hydrocracking catalyst is provided. The pyrolysis oil is combined with the hydrocarbon feedstock and the hydrocracking catalyst, the pyrolysis oil being maintained at a temperature of less than 100° C. until the pyrolysis oil contacts both the hydrocarbon feedstock and the hydrocracking catalyst. The hydrocarbon feedstock and the pyrolysis oil are hydrocracked in the slurry hydrocracking reactor in the presence of the hydrocracking catalyst and hydrogen gas. A fuel precursor obtainable by the process.

Compositions based on effluents and/or products from FCC processing of a high saturate content, low heteroatom content feedstock are provided. By processing a high saturate content, low heteroatom content feed under various types of FCC conditions, a variety of compositions with unexpected compositional features and/or unexpected properties can be formed. The unexpected compositional features and/or unexpected properties can correspond to features and/or properties associated with one or more of the total effluent, a naphtha boiling range portion of effluent, a distillate or light cycle oil boiling range portion of the effluent, and/or a bottoms portion of the effluent.

The present disclosure relates to a device for directing a coking-prone liquid to a high temperature environment, where the device includes an inner tube positioned concentrically within an outer tube, creating a first annular space between an outer wall of the inner tube and an inner wall of the outer tube and a first intermediate tube positioned concentrically around the outer tube, creating a second annular space.

Copper sulfide of the formula Cu.sub.xS.sub.y, wherein x and y are integer or non-integer values, wherein (i) the copper sulfide has a sulfur 2p XPS spectrum with peaks at 162.3 eV (±1 ev), 163.8 eV (±1 ev) and 68.5 eV (±1 ev), characterised in that the peak at 168.5 eV has a lower value of counts per second (CPS) than both the peak at 162.3 eV and the peak at 163.8 eV; and (ii) the copper sulfide has a copper 2p XPS spectrum with peaks at 932.0 eV (±2 ev) and 933.6 eV (±3 eV) and characterised in that the XPS spectrum does not comprise identifiable satellite peaks at 939.8 eV and 943.1 eV (±3 eV).

The present invention provides a multistage single reactor system for hydroprocessing and a process of carrying out multistage hydroprocessing in the said reactor assembly consisting of, a fixed bed solid catalyst system, a feed injection system enabling axial flow of hydrogen saturated hydrocarbon feed, a hydrogen dispensing system inside the reactor enabling minimum required hydrogen flow in cross-flow pattern, also using multitudes of integrated separation and withdrawal limbs for continuous staging. The innovative reactor disclosed in the present invention enables continuous separation and withdrawal of gaseous products along the reactor length by means of combined horizontal reactor orientation and vertical separation limbs provided at the top of the horizontally oriented reactor. The advantage of the reactor assembly includes effective heat sink of exothermic reactions and lower severity of operation due to removal of inhibitory gaseous products.