A process is provided that is directed to integrated steam pyrolysis and hydroprocessing including residual bypass to permit direct processing of crude oil feedstocks to produce petrochemicals including olefins and aromatics.

A process for reducing the environmental contaminants in a ISO 8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil, the process involving: mixing a quantity of the Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil with a quantity of Activating Gas mixture to give a feedstock mixture; contacting the feedstock mixture with one or more catalysts to form a Process Mixture from the feedstock mixture; separating the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil liquid components of the Process Mixture from the gaseous components and by-product hydrocarbon components of the Process Mixture and, discharging the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil is compliant with ISO 8217 for residual marine fuel oils and the sulfur and Specific Contaminants have concentration less than 0.5 wt %., wherein the Specific Contaminates are selected from the group consisting of: vanadium, sodium, aluminum, silicon, calcium, zinc, phosphorus, nickel, iron and combinations thereof. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil can be used as or as a blending stock for an ISO 8217 compliant, IMO MARPOL Annex VI (revised) compliant low sulfur or ultralow sulfur heavy marine fuel oil.

The disclosure describes refinery processes and process units for suppressing the precipitation and deposition of heavy polynuclear aromatic (HPNA) compounds in a process unit of a refinery, by combining the effluent from a hydrocracking unit with an aromatic solvent stream. Certain costly HPNA treatment processes can be eliminated, downtime can be reduced, and overall distillate yield can be increased by suppressing HPNA precipitation. The aromatic bottomswhich are suitable solvents for this purposeof an aromatic recovery complex can be used in certain embodiments to dissolve HPNAs and suppress HPNA precipitation.

A method for producing a cracking product comprising a mixture of hydrocarbons, a thermal cracking feedstock, a cracking product comprising a mixture of hydrocarbons, and a method for producing polymers using the cracking product are provided.

Systems and methods for reducing olefin concentration in a hydrocarbon stream comprising aromatic compounds and olefins, the method including supplying an aromatic-rich olefinic hydrocarbon stream; combining the aromatic-rich olefinic hydrocarbon stream with a catalyst; heating the aromatic-rich olefinic hydrocarbon stream and the catalyst to effect a reaction selected from the group consisting of: oxidation of olefins; hydration of olefins; and combinations of the same; separating an aqueous phase from a produced hydrocarbon phase; and separating C.sub.7 compounds from C.sub.8+ compounds in the produced hydrocarbon phase.

A method for producing a cracking product having a mixture of hydrocarbons, a thermal cracking feedstock, a cracking product containing a mixture of hydrocarbons is disclosed as is a method involving use of the cracking product for producing polymers.

A multi-stage process for the production of an ISO8217 compliant Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil from ISO 8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil involving a core process under reactive conditions in a Reaction System composed of one or more reaction vessels, wherein one or more of the reaction vessels contains one or more catalysts in the form of a structured catalyst bed and is operated under reactive distillation conditions. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil has a sulfur level has a maximum sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 0.05 mass % to 1.0 mass. A process plant for conducting the process for conducting the process is disclosed.

A phosphorus-containing molecular sieve has a phosphorus content of about 0.3-5 wt %, a pore volume of about 0.2-0.95 ml/g, and a ratio of B acid content to L acid content of about 2-10. The molecular sieve has a specific combination of characteristics, including a high ratio of B acid content to L acid content, thereby exhibiting higher hydrocracking activity and ring-opening selectivity when used in the preparation of a hydrocracking catalyst.

This development proposed adding a catalyst to an oxygen stripper. The oxygen stripper would be run at a temperature just below or at coking temp. The oxygen stripper includes a catalyst containing Group VI or VII metals to remove free radicals. Most preferably, the catalyst is a nickel-molybdenum catalyst.

The invention provides for a fluid having a boiling point in the range of from 100 to 400 C. and comprising more than 95% isoparaffins and containing less than 100 ppm aromatics, obtainable by the process comprising the step of catalytically hydrogenating a feed comprising more than 95% by weight of a hydrodeoxygenated isomerized hydrocarbon biomass feedstock, at a temperature from 80 to 180 C. and at a pressure from 50 to 160 bars. The invention also provides for a fluid having a boiling point in the range of from 100 to 400 C. and a boiling range below 80 C., said fluid comprising more than 95% isoparaffins and less than 3% of naphthens by weight and having a ratio of isoparaffins to n-paraffins of at least 12:1, a biodegradability at 28 days of at least 60%, as measured according to the OECD 306 standard, a biocarbon content of at least 95% by weight, and containing less than 100 ppm aromatics by weight. The invention finally provides for uses of the fluid.