A method of converting a liquid hydrocarbon stream to lower boiling point hydrocarbons may include converting the liquid hydrocarbon stream to an aerosolized hydrocarbon particle stream, and subjecting the aerosolized hydrocarbon particle stream to reaction conditions. Reaction conditions may include a temperature from 25° C. to 1,000° C. and a pressure from 1 bar to 15 bar. The method may further include forming the lower boiling point hydrocarbons in the aerosolized hydrocarbon particle stream and separating the lower boiling point hydrocarbons from the aerosolized hydrocarbon particle stream. The lower boiling point hydrocarbons may comprise at least C.sub.2-C.sub.4 olefins.

Oxidized disulfide oil (ODSO) compounds or ODSO compounds and disulfide oil (DSO) compounds are reacted with a hydrogen addition feed in a hydroprocessing complex. The hydrogen addition process can include naphtha hydrotreatment, middle distillate hydrotreatment, vacuum gas oil hydrocracking, and vacuum gas oil hydrotreatment. The ODSO or ODSO and DSO components are converted to hydrogen sulfide, water and alkanes.

A method for upgrading pyrolysis oil includes contacting a pyrolysis oil feed with hydrogen in the presence of a mixed metal oxide catalyst in a first slurry reactor, where: the pyrolysis oil feed comprises multi-ring aromatic compounds comprising greater than or equal to sixteen carbon atoms, and contacting the pyrolysis oil feed with hydrogen in the presence of the mixed metal oxide catalyst in the first slurry reactor to convert at least a portion of the multi-ring aromatic compounds in the pyrolysis oil feed to light aromatic compounds comprising di-aromatic compounds, tri-aromatic compounds, or both, passing an intermediate stream comprising the light aromatic compounds to a second slurry reactor downstream of the first slurry reactor; and contacting the intermediate stream with hydrogen in the presence of a mesoporous zeolite supported metal catalyst in a second slurry reactor.

Embodiments of the disclosure provide an aqueous reforming system and a method for upgrading heavy hydrocarbons. A hydrocarbon feed and a surfactant stream are combined to produce a first precursor stream. The first precursor stream and an alkali feed are combined to produce a second precursor stream. The second precursor stream and a transition metal feed are combined to produce a catalytic emulsion stream. The catalytic emulsion stream is heated to produce a catalytic suspension and a decomposition gas, where the decomposition gas is separated by a first separator. The catalytic suspension is combined with a preheated water stream to produce an aqueous reformer feed. The aqueous reformer feed is introduced to an aqueous reformer such that the heavy hydrocarbons undergo conversion reactions to produce an effluent stream. The effluent stream is introduced to a second separator to produce a heavy stream and a light stream. The light stream is introduced to a third separator to produce a gas stream, a distillate stream, and a spent water stream. Optionally, a portion of the distillate stream and the hydrocarbon feed can be combined to produce the first precursor stream such that the first precursor stream is in the absence of a surfactant.

A method of recycling gaseous hydrocarbons includes flowing a hydrocarbon gas composition from a secondary separator into a compressor unit to form a compressed mixture. The secondary separator includes a crude liquid hydrocarbon input stream from a primary separator. The method includes flowing the compressed mixture into a cooling unit to cool the compressed mixture, to form a cooled composition comprising liquid hydrocarbons. The method includes flowing the liquid hydrocarbons from the cooled composition into the primary separator.

The present invention relates to a sequential thermo-chemical treatment along with adsorption-based pre-treatment process for residual oils having a very high naphthenic acid content. First stage of the process is a thermal pre-treatment step which results into generation of hydrocarbon stream with a reduced naphthenic acid content due to high temperature. In second stage of pre-treatment, generated hydrocarbon stream from stage-1 is subjected to esterification reaction with alcohol, such as methanol, to further reduce the TAN of hydrocarbon stream. After recovery of alcohol from the reaction mixture, depending on TAN reduction required reaction mixture may be subjected to an adsorption stage, third stage pre-treatment, where an adsorbent mixture comprising of FCC spent catalyst is used to adsorb the TAN of feed hydrocarbon stream. The treated hydrocarbon stream is then co-processed with DCU feed stock for producing lighter hydrocarbons.

The present invention relates to a method for producing very low-sulfur fuel oil having high compatibility and high stability, comprising: mixing petroleum residua obtained from at least two different petroleum refining processes, adding a hydrocarbon solvent to the residual petroleum mixture, heating the mixture of the petroleum residua mixture and hydrocarbon solvent to extract and recover a mixture of oil fractions and the hydrocarbon solvent from the mixture of the petroleum residua mixture and hydrocarbon solvent with raffinate having asphaltenes therein being left, and removing the hydrocarbon solvent from the mixture of the oil fractions and the hydrocarbon solvent, thereby obtaining very low-sulfur fuel oil, wherein the very low-sulfur fuel oil has a sulfur content of 0.5 wt % or less bared on the total weight of the very low-sulfur fuel oil, and very low-sulfur fuel oil produced by the production method.

A method for cracking crude oil includes delivering the crude oil to a first tube group of a convection section of a cracking furnace for preheating and then performing vaporization to obtain a first gas phase and a first liquid phase; performing high-pressure extraction on the first liquid phase to obtain a non-asphalt oil and an asphalt; and mixing the first gas phase and the non-asphalt oil with water vapor respectively, or mixing the first gas phase with the non-asphalt oil prior to mixing with water vapor, then delivering the same to a second tube group of the convection section of the cracking furnace for heating, followed by delivering same to a radiation section of the cracking furnace for cracking to obtain a cracked product, and separating the cracked product to obtain low-carbon olefins.

Processes and systems for making recycle content hydrocarbons, including olefins, using a cracker furnace having enhanced coil design. In some cases, the design of the furnace may prevent coking, so that the run length of the furnace is longer than conventional cracking furnaces. Cracker feed streams to the furnace can include recycle content pyrolysis oil and may be used to form olefin-containing effluent stream having recycle content.

Processes and systems for making recycle content hydrocarbons, including olefins, from recycled waste material. Recycle waste material may be pyrolyzed to form recycle content pyrolysis oil composition (r-pyoil), at least a portion of which may then be cracked to form a recycle content olefin composition (r-olefin). The r-olefin may then be further separated into product streams in a separation zone downstream of the cracker furnace. The presence of recycle content hydrocarbons may facilitate more efficient operation of one or more distillation columns in the separation zone, including the propylene fractionator.