Novel catalysts comprising nickel oxide nanoparticles supported on alumina nanoparticles, methods of their manufacture, heavy oil compositions contacted by these nanocatalysts and methods of their use are disclosed. The novel nanocatalysts are useful, inter alia, in the upgrading of heavy oil fractions or as aids in oil recovery from steam-assisted well reservoirs.

Methods for regenerating a spent catalyst are disclosed. Such methods may employ a step of chlorinating the spent catalyst in the gas phase, followed by decoking the chlorinated spent catalyst, and then fluorinating the de-coked catalyst in a fluorine-containing solution of a fluorine-containing compound.

Novel catalysts comprising nickel oxide nanoparticles supported on alumina nanoparticles, methods of their manufacture, heavy oil compositions contacted by these nanocatalysts and methods of their use are disclosed. The novel nanocatalysts are useful, inter alia, in the upgrading of heavy oil fractions or as aids in oil recovery from steam-assisted well reservoirs.

The present disclosure provides a process for preparing a needle coke or a crystalline coke from aromatic rich hydrocarbon streams. The process includes preparing a needle coke or a crystalline coke from Pyrolytic Fuel Oil (PFO) and Clarified Oil (CLO) stream along with Purified fraction of CLO after solvent separation of refractory asphaltene compounds while the low boiling fractions separated from PFO and light gasoil (LGO) from the thermal cracking section are selectively hydro cracked to produce high value aromatic chemicals.

Novel catalysts comprising nickel oxide nanoparticles supported on alumina nanoparticles, methods of their manufacture, heavy oil compositions contacted by these nanocatalysts and methods of their use are disclosed. The novel nanocatalysts are useful, inter alia, in the upgrading of heavy oil fractions or as aids in oil recovery from well reservoirs or downstream processing.

The disclosure pertains to methods and systems for converting inactive chemicals into active chemicals in-situ for treating oil and gas pipelines, other industrial systems, or sanitizing surfaces. A method of treating an oil and gas pipeline is disclosed. The method may include feeding an inactive additive through a first conduit and into a second conduit, wherein the second conduit is in fluid communication with the first conduit and the oil and gas pipeline. The method also includes converting the inactive additive into an active additive within the second conduit and introducing the active additive into the oil and gas pipeline.

The invention relates to a chemical reactor and reformer tubes for reforming a first feed stream comprising a hydrocarbon gas and steam. The chemical reactor comprises a shell with a heat source and one or more reformer tubes. The reformer tube is arranged to house catalyst material and is arranged to being heated by the heat source. The reformer tube comprises a first inlet for feeding said first feed stream into a first reforming reaction zone of the reformer tube, and a feed conduct arranged to allow a second feed stream into a second reforming reaction zone of the reformer tube. The second reforming reaction zone is positioned downstream of the first reforming reaction zone. The feed conduct is configured so that the second feed stream is only in contact with catalyst material in the second reforming reaction zone. The invention also relates to a process of producing CO rich synthesis gas at low S/C conditions.

Systems and methods for heating material through cogeneration of thermal and electrical energy can include a heat source and an electric generator configured to produce hot exhaust gas and electricity. One or more heating conduits can carry the hot exhaust gas to one or more bodies of material. The electric generator can at least partially power one or more electric heaters configured to reheat the hot exhaust gas after a portion of heat has been transferred from the hot exhaust gas to the one or more bodies of material.

Processes and systems for hydrocarbon pyrolysis. In some embodiments, a hydrocarbon can be heated within a convection section of a steam cracking furnace and combined with an aqueous fluid to produce a heated mixture. A heavy feed that includes a plastic material can be introduced into a vessel and a portion of the plastic material can be cracked therein. Liquid and vapor effluents exiting the vessel can be obtained. At least a portion of the liquid effluent can be heated to produce a heated fluid stream that can be recycled to the vessel. The vapor effluent can be combined with the heated mixture to produce a combined mixture that can be heated within the convection section to produce a heated combined mixture. At least a portion of the heated combined mixture can be cracked within a radiant section of the steam cracking furnace to produce a steam cracker effluent.

The invention relates to systems, apparatus and methods for integrated recovery and in-situ (in reservoir) upgrading of heavy oil and oil sand bitumens. The systems, apparatus and methods enable enhanced recovery of heavy oil in a production well by introducing a hot hydrocarbon fluid from a mobile reservoir into the production well under conditions to promote hydrocarbon upgrading. The methods may further include introducing hydrogen and a catalyst together with the injection of the hot fluid into the production well to further promote hydrocarbon upgrading reactions. In addition, the invention relates to enhanced oil production methodologies within conventional oil reservoirs.