A process and/or system for producing fuel using renewable hydrogen having a reduced carbon intensity. The renewable hydrogen is produced in a hydrogen production process comprising methane reforming, wherein at least a portion of the feedstock for the hydrogen production process comprises upgraded biogas sourced from a plurality of biogas plants. Each of the upgraded biogases is produced in a process that includes collecting biogas comprising methane and carbon dioxide, capturing at least 50% of the carbon dioxide originally present in the collected biogas and producing the upgraded biogas. Storage of the captured carbon dioxide reducing a carbon intensity of the fuel, without having to provide carbon capture and storage of carbon dioxide from hydrogen production.

Integrated processes and systems for the production of distillate hydrocarbons and coke. The process may include feeding a hydrocarbon feedstock, comprising a residuum hydrocarbon fraction, to a residue hydrocracking reactor system to convert hydrocarbons therein, producing a hydrocracked effluent. The hydrocracked effluent may then be fed to a separation system, separating the hydrocracked effluent into one or more distillate hydrocarbon fractions and a vacuum residue fraction. The vacuum residue fraction may be fed to a coker system, converting the vacuum residue fraction into a coke product and a coker vapor effluent, recovering the coke product, and feeding the coker vapor effluent to the separation system. The one or more distillate hydrocarbon fractions are hydroprocessed to produce a hydroprocessed effluent, and the hydroprocessed effluent is separated into product distillate hydrocarbon fractions.

Systems and methods to provide low carbon intensity (CI) transportation fuels through one or more targeted reductions of carbon emissions based upon an analysis of carbon emissions associated with a combination of various options for feedstock procurement, feedstock refining, processing, or transformation, and fuel product distribution pathways to end users. Such options are selected to maintain the total CI (carbon emissions per unit energy) of the transportation fuel below a pre-selected threshold that defines an upper limit of CI for the transportation fuel.

Distillate boiling range and/or diesel boiling range compositions are provided that are formed from crude oils with unexpected combinations of high naphthenes to aromatics weight and/or volume ratio and a low sulfur content. This unexpected combination of properties is characteristic of crude oils that can be fractionated to form distillate/diesel boiling range compositions that can be used as fuels/fuel blending products with reduced or minimized processing. The resulting distillate boiling range fractions and/or diesel boiling range fractions can have an unexpected combination of a high naphthenes to aromatics weight and/or volume ratio, a low but substantial aromatics content, and a low sulfur content. By reducing, minimizing, or avoiding the amount of hydroprocessing needed to meet fuel and/or fuel blending product specifications, the fractions derived from the high naphthenes to aromatics ratio and low sulfur crudes can provide fuels and/or fuel blending products having a reduced or minimized carbon intensity.

A fuel formulation having a derived cetane number of at least 35 includes a petroleum fraction and a polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (OMEx) oligomer mix. The petroleum fraction includes a naphtha fraction with a boiling point in the range from 30° C. to 178° C. The polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether oligomer mix has the general formula H.sub.3CO—(CH.sub.2O).sub.n—CH.sub.3 in which n is between 2 and 7, inclusive. A related method for reducing emissions in a compression-ignited engine includes preparing the fuel formulation having a derived cetane number of at least 35 and combusting the fuel formulation in the compression-ignited engine in place of a diesel fuel, thereby reducing emission of at least one of NOx, CO.sub.2, or particulates from the compression-ignited engine.

Systems and methods for direct crude oil upgrading to hydrogen and chemicals including separating an inlet hydrocarbon stream into a light fraction and a heavy fraction comprising diesel boiling point temperature range material; producing from the light fraction syngas comprising H.sub.2 and CO; reacting the CO produced; producing from the heavy fraction and separating CO.sub.2, polymer grade ethylene, polymer grade propylene, C.sub.4 compounds, cracking products, light cycle oils, and heavy cycle oils; collecting and purifying the CO.sub.2 produced from the heavy fraction; processing the C.sub.4 compounds to produce olefinic oligomerate and paraffinic raffinate; separating the cracking products; oligomerizing a light cut naphtha stream; hydrotreating an aromatic stream; hydrocracking the light cycle oils to produce a monoaromatics product stream; gasifying the heavy cycle oils; reacting the CO produced from gasifying the heavy cycle oils; collecting and purifying the CO.sub.2; and processing and separating produced aromatic compounds into benzene and paraxylene.

A fuel formulation having a derived cetane number of at least 35 includes a petroleum fraction and a polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (OMEx) oligomer mix. The petroleum fraction includes a naphtha fraction with a boiling point in the range from 30° C. to 178° C. The polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether oligomer mix has the general formula H.sub.3CO—(CH.sub.2O).sub.n—CH.sub.3 in which n is between 2 and 7, inclusive. A related method for reducing emissions in a compression-ignited engine includes preparing the fuel formulation having a derived cetane number of at least 35 and combusting the fuel formulation in the compression-ignited engine in place of a diesel fuel, thereby reducing emission of at least one of NOx, CO.sub.2, or particulates from the compression-ignited engine.

Systems and methods to provide low carbon intensity (CI) transportation fuels through one or more targeted reductions of carbon emissions based upon an analysis of carbon emissions associated with a combination of various options for feedstock procurement, feedstock refining, processing, or transformation, and fuel product distribution pathways to end users. Such options are selected to maintain the total CI (carbon emissions per unit energy) of the transportation fuel below a pre-selected threshold that defines an upper limit of CI for the transportation fuel.

Systems and methods to provide low carbon intensity (CI) ethanol through one or more targeted reductions of carbon emissions based upon an analysis of carbon emissions associated with a combination of various options for feedstock procurement, feedstock refining, processing, or transformation, and ethanol distribution pathways to end users. Such options are selected to maintain the total CI (carbon emissions per unit energy) of the ethanol below a pre-selected threshold that defines an upper limit of CI for the ethanol.

Systems and methods to provide low carbon intensity (CI) hydrogen through one or more targeted reductions of carbon emissions based upon an analysis of carbon emissions associated with a combination of various options for feedstock procurement, feedstock refining, processing, or transformation, and hydrogen distribution pathways to end users. Such options are selected to maintain the total CI (carbon emissions per unit energy) of the hydrogen below a pre-selected threshold that defines an upper limit of CI for the hydrogen.