Methods of transporting hydrogen may include, at a first hydrocarbon processing facility, hydrogenating a C9+ aromatic compounds-containing stream to form a saturated cyclic C9+ containing effluent stream; transporting the saturated cyclic C9+ containing effluent stream to a second hydrocarbon processing facility; and at the second hydrocarbon processing facility, and passing the saturated cyclic C9+ containing effluent stream and a hydrotreated heavy naphtha stream to a catalytic reformer to form a reformate stream; and separating a hydrogen gas product stream from the reformate stream. The first hydrocarbon processing facility and the second hydrocarbon processing facility may be separated by at least 100 km. The methods for processing hydrogen may include hydrotreating a heavy naphtha stream and passing a saturated cyclic C9+ containing effluent stream and the hydrotreated heavy naphtha stream to a catalytic reformer to form a reformate stream comprising hydrogen gas; and separating hydrogen gas from the reformate stream.

A multi-stage process for transforming a high sulfur ISO 8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil involving a core desulfurizing process that produces a Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil that can be used as a feedstock for subsequent refinery process such as anode grade coking, needle coking and fluid catalytic cracking. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil exhibits multiple properties desirable as a feedstock for those processes including a sulfur level has a maximum sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 0.05 mass % to 1.0 mass. A process plant for conducting the process is also disclosed.

The presently disclosed concepts relate to systems and methods for effluent stream abatement via pyrolytic emission looping. In use, the systems and methods include a feed gas stream, and at least one dissociating reactor that receives the feed gas stream. The at least one dissociating reactor outputs, at least in part, a carbon allotrope material and a discharge pyrolytic emissions stream. Additionally, a gas separating system is used to separate the discharge pyrolytic emissions stream into at least one species component, where the at least one species component is added to at least the feed gas stream.

A multi-stage process for the production of an ISO8217 compliant Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil from ISO 8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil involving a core process under reactive conditions in a Reaction System composed of one or more reaction vessels, wherein one or more of the reaction vessels contains one or more catalysts in the form of a structured catalyst bed and is operated under reactive distillation conditions. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil has a sulfur level has a maximum sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 0.05 mass % to 1.0 mass. A process plant for conducting the process for conducting the process is disclosed.

A process for reducing the environmental contaminants in a ISO 8217:2017 Table 2 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil and resulting product, the process involving: mixing a Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil with a Activating Gas to give a feedstock mixture; contacting the feedstock mixture with one or more catalysts to form a Process Mixture; separating the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil from the Process Mixture and, discharging the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil complies with ISO 8217:2017 Table 2 for residual marine fuel and the Environmental Contaminants, which are selected from the group consisting of: a sulfur; vanadium, nickel, iron, aluminum and silicon and combinations thereof, are less than 0.5 wt. %. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil can be used as blending stock for an ISO 8217:2017 Table 2 compliant, IMO 2020 compliant, low sulfur heavy marine fuel composition.

Pyrolytic emissions often include molecularly decomposed hydrocarbons, as well as byproducts from pyrolytic processes. Unfortunately, legacy processing treats effluent streams, including pyrolytic emissions, as waste that is released into the air-even though such pyrolytic emissions streams often include greenhouse gases and pollutants such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, volatile organic compounds, and particulate matter-the discharge of which contributes to global greenhouse gas emissions. Disclosed herein are pyrolytic emissions looping systems that include several reactors where each of the several reactors converts different hydrocarbons into different useful end-products, thus providing a way to continuously recycle the effluent gas stream from pyrolytic processes.

Methods of transporting hydrogen may include, at a first hydrocarbon processing facility, hydrogenating a C9+ aromatic compounds-containing stream to form a saturated cyclic C9+ containing effluent stream; transporting the saturated cyclic C9+ containing effluent stream to a second hydrocarbon processing facility; and at the second hydrocarbon processing facility, and passing the saturated cyclic C9+ containing effluent stream and a hydrotreated heavy naphtha stream to a catalytic reformer to form a reformate stream; and separating a hydrogen gas product stream from the reformate stream. The first hydrocarbon processing facility and the second hydrocarbon processing facility may be separated by at least 100 km. The methods for processing hydrogen may include hydrotreating a heavy naphtha stream and passing a saturated cyclic C9+ containing effluent stream and the hydrotreated heavy naphtha stream to a catalytic reformer to form a reformate stream comprising hydrogen gas; and separating hydrogen gas from the reformate stream.