A method is disclosed for activating or regenerating a Fischer Tropsch catalyst used in a gas-to-liquids process operating in recycle mode. The method permits the use of specific inert gases to adjust the mole weight of the gas so that the recycle compressor designed for normal steady state operation can also be used in the ROR method. Nitrogen and carbon dioxide are specifically excluded for the reduction steps of the ROR method as they have been demonstrated to have a negative effect on the method. Nitrogen is used in the oxidation step with small amounts of oxygen containing gas, preferably air, and may be modified with the addition of argon, helium, or carbon dioxide if the mole weight of the oxidation gas needs to be modified to satisfy the requirements of the compressor.

A process for rejuvenating an at least partially spent catalyst resulting from a hydrodesulfurization process of a sulfur-containing olefinic gasoline cut, where the at least partially spent catalyst result is from a fresh catalyst a metal from group VIII, a metal from group VIb, and an oxide support, where the process includes a) regenerating the at least partially spent catalyst in an oxygen-containing gas stream at a temperature between 350? C. and 550? C., b) the regenerated catalyst is brought into contact with an impregnation solution containing a compound containing a metal from group VIb, the molar ratio of the metal from group VIb added per metal from group VIb already present in the regenerated catalyst being between 0.15 and 2.5 mol/mol, c) a drying stage is carried out at a temperature of less than 200? C., and the use of the rejuvenated catalyst in a hydrodesulfurization process.

A utility vehicle is configured for independently controlling torque at each of the ground-engaging members.

Systems and methods for processing mixed plastic waste may include one or more reactive extruders to initially dechlorinate and depolymerize the mixed plastic waste and a catalytic reactive distillation column to further process the dechlorinated, depolymerized mixed plastic waste. Depolymerization of the mixed plastic waste through one or more of the disclosed systems and methods produces and enhances the yield of at least a naphtha blend stock.

A cyclic metals deactivation system unit for the production of equilibrium catalyst materials including a cracker vessel configured for cracking and stripping a catalyst material; and a regenerator vessel in fluid communication with the cracker vessel, the regenerator vessel configured for regeneration and steam deactivation of the catalyst material.

Processes for converting an alkane to an alkene. In some embodiments, the process can include contacting a hydrocarbon-containing feed with a first catalyst that can include Pt or a second catalyst that can include Cr within a conversion zone to effect dehydrogenation of at least a portion of the hydrocarbon-containing feed to produce an effluent that can include one or more dehydrogenated hydrocarbons and molecular hydrogen. The process can also include contacting the effluent with a solid oxygen carrier disposed within the conversion zone to effect combustion of at least a portion of the molecular hydrogen to produce a conversion product that can include the one or more dehydrogenated hydrocarbons and water. In some embodiments, contacting the feed with the first or second catalyst can occur in a first conversion zone and contacting the effluent with the solid oxygen carrier can occur in a second conversion zone.

A process removing ionic liquid from a process stream is described. The process stream is introduced into a coalescer to form an ionic liquid stream and a first treated process stream which has less ionic liquid than the process stream. The first treated process stream is introduced into a separator to form a second treated process stream. The second treated process stream has less ionic liquid than the first treated process stream. The separator is selected from a filtration zone comprising sand or carbon, an adsorption zone, a scrubbing zone, an electrostatic separation zone, or combinations thereof.

A method for upgrading mixed pyrolysis oil may include contacting the mixed pyrolysis oil with hydrogen in the presence of a mixed metal oxide catalyst at reaction conditions to produce a reaction effluent including light aromatic compounds. The mixed pyrolysis oil includes multi-ring aromatic compounds and is formed from light pyrolysis oil and heavy pyrolysis oil at a ratio of 10:90 to 40:60 with light pyrolysis oil representing a bottom stream of a gas steam cracker and heavy pyrolysis oil representing a bottom stream of a naphtha steam cracker. The mixed metal oxide catalyst includes a plurality of catalyst particles with each catalyst particles including a plurality of metal oxides. An associated system for upgrading mixed pyrolysis oil may include a pyrolysis upgrading unit housing the mixed metal oxide catalyst and a separation unit operable to separate used mixed metal oxide catalyst from the reaction effluent.

The present application refers to an ultrasonic oxidative desulfurization method for gasoline or diesel, comprising: Step 1, mixing an oxidant solution with an organic acid catalyst solution to obtain a mixture solution, wherein the oxidant reacts with the organic acid catalyst to obtain a peroxy acid; Step 2, mixing the mixture solution with gasoline or diesel and heating to 50 to 70 C., and performing an ultrasonic oxidative reaction under ultrasonic waves at 15 to 25 kHz to obtain a pre-prepared oil; wherein a mass flow ratio of the oxidant solution, the organic acid catalyst solution and the gasoline or diesel is (0.03-0.08):(0.01-0.03):1; Step 3, performing a phase separation process to the pre-prepared oil; and Step 4, recycling the organic acid catalyst and performing a countercurrent extraction for the gasoline or diesel to obtain a desulfurized gasoline or diesel.

A utility vehicle is configured for independently controlling torque at each of the ground-engaging members.