The invention is directed to a treatment fluid comprising electrolyzed water and an amine, and methods for producing and using same in the treatment of a gas or liquid containing a contaminant such as an acid gas or a sulphur compound.

A system and a method for producing a marine fuel are provided. An exemplary method includes processing a crude oil stream to remove at least a portion of metal contaminants to form a demetallized oil, processing the demetallized oil to remove at least a portion of sulfur contaminants to form a desulfurized oil, and stabilizing the desulfurized oil by removing light hydrocarbons to form the marine fuel.

A cracking reaction device includes a preheating section, a lightening section, a reduced-pressure gasification section and a cracking section that are connected sequentially. A method for producing olefins by cracking involves pressurizing a cracking feedstock and water; subjecting the pressurized cracking feedstock and water to a first heating; subjecting the first heated cracking feedstock and water to a second heating and lightening the cracking feedstock in the presence of water to obtain a lightened mixture; gasifying the lightened mixture under a reduced pressure and subjected to a third heating to obtain a third heated mixture; and cracking the third heated mixture at a cracking temperature in the presence of steam to obtain a cracked product containing olefins.

A high voltage discharge generating a plasma wave front is disposed within a headspace over an oil-containing liquid in order to create various chemical changes within the headspace, and ultimately within the liquid in order to inactivate various microbes, synthesize new chemicals, speed separation of a mixture, and aid in oil extraction. Such a discharge may be repeated at an optimum duration and duty-cycle to maximize the chemical effects of the non-equilibrium plasma at a substantially lower temperature than for an equilibrium plasma.

An ethylene plant comprising an electrically-powered pyrolysis reactor and a process for producing a pyrolysis reactor effluent using the ethylene plant. The pyrolysis reactor comprises a feed inlet for a hydrocarbon feedstock-diluent mixture and an outlet for a pyrolysis reactor effluent comprising ethylene. The plant further comprises a heat exchanger configured to transfer heat from the pyrolysis reactor effluent to the feed for the pyrolysis reactor. The heat exchanger comprises a feed inlet and a feed outlet upstream of the pyrolysis reactor, and further a pyrolysis reactor effluent inlet and a pyrolysis reactor effluent outlet. A feed passage way is present between the feed outlet of the heat exchanger and the feed inlet of the pyrolysis reactor and further a feed passage way is present between the reactor effluent outlet of the pyrolysis reactor and the cracked gas inlet of the heat exchanger.

A method of removing fines and coarse particles from tailings comprises forming a slurry comprising water and oil sands and separating bitumen from tailings comprising fines and coarse particles. Functionalized nanoparticles each comprising a core of carbon nitride and functionalized with one or more exposed cationic groups are mixed with the tailings. The functionalized nanoparticles and the fines interact to form agglomerates comprising the functionalized nanoparticles and the fines attached to the one or more exposed cationic groups. The agglomerates are removed from the tailings to form an aqueous solution having suspended therein fewer fines and coarse particles than are suspended within the tailings.

The present invention provides processes for catalytic deconstruction of biomass using a solvent produced in a bioreforming reaction.

Hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks are processed to produce useful intermediates or products, such as fuels. For example, systems are described that can process a petroleum-containing feedstock, such as oil sands, oil shale, tar sands, and other naturally-occurring and synthetic materials that include both hydrocarbon components and solid matter, to obtain a useful intermediate or product.

The present invention provides processes for deconstructing biomass to produce aqueous and organic products using a solvent produced in a bioreforming reaction.

A method and system for controlling an interface emulsion layer within an oil treatment vessel includes injecting a water flow through a plurality of radial eductors arranged about a radial eductor manifold located in the brine water layer. Each radial eductor is oriented vertically to the radial eductor manifold and the horizontal axis of the oil treatment vessel. The water flow through the plurality of radial eductors causes a swirling flow pattern in a volume of water around each radial eductor that is effective for promoting a collapse of the interface emulsion layer. The water flow through each radial eductor, which may be a recycled water flow, may be in a range of about 1 to 5 feet per minute.