A device (1) for performing mechanical work and/or producing electrical or thermal energy, the energy necessary for operation is obtained from the oxidation of carbonaceous fuels (20) into carbon dioxide (24) and water (23). The device comprises means (14) for compression and/or condensation of the exhaust gas (21), and storage means (15) for receiving the compressed and/or condensed exhaust gas (21).

A system used for converting multiple fuel feedstocks may include three reactors. The reactor system combination can be so chosen that one of the reactors completely or partially converts the fuel while the other generates the gaseous product required by utilizing the gaseous product from the second reactor. The metal-oxide composition and the reactor flow-patterns can be manipulated to provide the desired product. A method for optimizing the system efficiency where a pressurized gaseous fuel or a pressurized utility is used for applications downstream can be used to any system processing fuels and metal-oxide.

A system used for converting multiple fuel feedstocks may include three reactors. The reactor system combination can be so chosen that one of the reactors completely or partially converts the fuel while the other generates the gaseous product required by utilizing the gaseous product from the second reactor. The metal-oxide composition and the reactor flow-patterns can be manipulated to provide the desired product. A method for optimizing the system efficiency where a pressurized gaseous fuel or a pressurized utility is used for applications downstream can be used to any system processing fuels and metal-oxide.

A system used for converting multiple fuel feedstocks may include three reactors. The reactor system combination can be so chosen that one of the reactors completely or partially converts the fuel while the other generates the gaseous product required by utilizing the gaseous product from the second reactor. The metal-oxide composition and the reactor flow-patterns can be manipulated to provide the desired product. A method for optimizing the system efficiency where a pressurized gaseous fuel or a pressurized utility is used for applications downstream can be used to any system processing fuels and metal-oxide.

A system for converting fuel may include a first moving bed reactor, a second reactor, and a non-mechanical valve. The first moving bed reactor may include at least one tapered section and multiple injection gas ports. The multiple injection gas ports may be configured to deliver a fuel to the first moving bed reactor. The first moving bed reactor may be configured to reduce an oxygen carrying material with a fuel by defining a countercurrent flowpath for the fuel relative to the oxygen carrying material. The second reactor may communicate with the first moving bed reactor and may be operable to receive an oxygen source. The second reactor may be configured to regenerate the reduced oxygen carrying material by oxidation.

A system for converting fuel may include a first moving bed reactor, a second reactor, and a non-mechanical valve. The first moving bed reactor may include at least one tapered section and multiple injection gas ports. The multiple injection gas ports may be configured to deliver a fuel to the first moving bed reactor. The first moving bed reactor may be configured to reduce an oxygen carrying material with a fuel by defining a countercurrent flowpath for the fuel relative to the oxygen carrying material. The second reactor may communicate with the first moving bed reactor and may be operable to receive an oxygen source. The second reactor may be configured to regenerate the reduced oxygen carrying material by oxidation.

Provided is a process for producing hydrogen gas in a separate stream from syngas. An assembly for producing hydrogen gas in a separate stream from syngas and a method of producing hydrogen are also provided.

Provided is a process for producing hydrogen gas in a separate stream from syngas. An assembly for producing hydrogen gas in a separate stream from syngas and a method of producing hydrogen are also provided.

The invention relates to a method for recycling carbon-containing composite materials having a carbon-containing matrix material and fibre-, filament- or wire-reinforcement, in particular glass-fibre- or carbon-fibre-reinforced plastics materials, GFRP/CFRP, wherein the method comprises the following steps: at least extensive separation of the reinforcement from the carbon-containing matrix material; gasifying and/or pyrolysing the carbon-containing matrix material in order to produce synthesis gases containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide or a fluid mixture containing hydrocarbons; and processing the products of the gasifying and/or the pyrolysing to form at least one, preferably liquid, fuel; wherein separating the reinforcement from the carbon-containing matrix material comprises coarse comminution of the composite material by cutting and/or crushing, fine comminution of the coarsely comminuted composite material by pressing and/or squeezing in order to release the comminuted reinforcement from the comminuted composite material, and separating the released comminuted reinforcement from the comminuted matrix material.

Processes and systems are disclosed for converting animal manure into useful energy and materials. Some variations provide a process for converting animal manure into a purified thermal gas, comprising: drying a starting animal manure in a manure dryer; pelletizing the dried animal manure to generate manure pellets; thermally reacting the manure pellets in a thermal reactor to generate an intermediate thermal gas and a solid biochar; separating out the solid biochar; condensing the intermediate thermal gas to generate a cooled thermal gas; compressing the cooled thermal gas to generate a compressed thermal gas; catalytically reacting the compressed thermal gas in a water-gas shift reactor to generate a shifted thermal gas having an adjusted H.sub.2/CO ratio; treating the shifted thermal gas using an acid-gas removal unit to generate a purified thermal gas; removing water and/or light gases from the purified thermal gas; and recovering or further processing the purified thermal gas.