A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas.

Carbonaceous-containing material including biomass, municipal solid waste, and/or coal and/or contaminated soil, and/or other carbonaceous materials may be gasified at low temperatures utilizing a reactor designed to generate shockwaves in a supersonic gaseous vortex. Preprocessed waste may be introduced into the reactor. A gas stream may be introduced substantially tangentially to an inner surface of a chamber of the reactor to generate a gaseous vortex rotating about a longitudinal axis within the chamber. The gas stream may be introduced using a nozzle that accelerates the gas stream to a supersonic velocity, and may impinge on an impactor positioned within the reactor chamber. A frequency of shockwaves emitted from the nozzle into the gaseous vortex may be controlled. The processed waste discharged from the reactor, which may include a gas component and at least a solid component, can be subjected to separation, and at least some of the gas component and at least one solid component (i.e., tars) may be fed back to the feeding device so that the solids from the processed waste condense on preprocessed waste contained in the feeding device and are reprocessed within the reactor. The gas component from the feeding device may be cleaned after the solids have been condensed out in the feeding device.

A gasification apparatus has a primary chamber with a floor comprising a hearth and feedstock augers, for gasification of feedstock. There is a mixing chamber for receiving through an opening synthetic gases from the primary chamber and comprising an air inlet fan for adding oxygen for ignition. There is also a secondary chamber linked with the mixing chamber to deliver heat from combustion of gases from the mixing chamber to the hearth. An outlet valve delivers gases from the secondary chamber through a heat exchanger and to an induce draft fan. A controller dynamically controls flow of gases in the chambers according to sensed pressures and temperatures in said chambers.

A method for treating carbonaceous material, the method includes a) providing a carbonaceous material CM, b) subjecting the carbonaceous material CM to hydrothermal gasification in a HTG reactor, thereby producing: an inorganic solid residue, a first gaseous fraction G1 comprising CH.sub.4, CO, CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2, and a filtrate F1 containing readily biodegradable carbons such as VFAs, c) subjecting at least part of the filtrate F1 to an anaerobic treatment step in an anaerobic tank, leading to a digestate. An installation for treating carbonaceous material is also provided.

A method and an apparatus for treating comminuted waste material the method comprising: •a) providing a heating chamber (28) and one or more combustion heating means (40a-f) for heating the contents of the heating chamber (28), the heating chamber (28) having an inlet (21) and an outlet (22), •b) feeding comminuted waste material through the inlet (21) and into the heating chamber (28); •c) heating the comminuted waste material in the heating chamber (28), using the combustion heating means (40a-f), to generate a combustible gas; and •d) supplying at least a portion of the generated combustible gas to the one or more combustion heating means (40a-f) for heating the heating chamber (28).

A method of treating comminuted waste material, the method comprises: a) feeding comminuted waste material into a heating chamber (28); b) introducing steam into the heating chamber (28); c) contacting the steam and comminuted waste material; d) heating the steam and comminuted waste material to generate a combustible gas; and e) altering or controlling the ratio of steam to comminuted waste material such that the generated combustible gas comprises a target amount (e.g. value or percentage) of a component thereof.

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. High solids concentrations in the feedstock stream can be obtained without significant impact on the feedstock stream stability and pumpability. A consistent quality of syngas can be continuously produced, including generation of carbon dioxide and a carbon monoxide/hydrogen ratio while stably operating the gasifier and avoiding the high tar generation of fluidized bed or fixed bed waste gasifiers and without impacting the operations of the gasifier. The subsequent syngas produced from this material can be used to produce a wide range of chemicals.

The invention relates to an aftertreatment arrangement (1.0) for the aftertreatment of at least gases downstream of a fluidized bed gasification process, in particular downstream of an HTW gasifier (1) of a pressure-loaded fluidized bed gasification process, having a particle separation unit (2; 11) which can be arranged downstream of the fluidized bed gasification process and upstream of a gas cooler (3) that can be used for the further aftertreatment of the gases, wherein the aftertreatment arrangement comprises an intermediate cooling unit (12) which can be arranged downstream of the fluidized bed gasification process and upstream of the particle separation unit (11), having a return (B1) for gasification steam (B) that can be coupled to the fluidized bed gasification process. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for the aftertreatment of at least gases downstream of a fluidized bed gasification process as well as the use of an intermediate cooling unit.

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. High solids concentrations in the feedstock stream can be obtained without significant impact on the feedstock stream stability and pumpability. A consistent quality of syngas can be continuously produced, including generation of carbon dioxide and a carbon monoxide/hydrogen ratio while stably operating the gasifier and avoiding the high tar generation of fluidized bed or fixed bed waste gasifiers and without impacting the operations of the gasifier. The subsequent syngas produced from this material can be used to produce a wide range of chemicals.

An integrated chemical looping combustion (CLC) electrical power generation system and method for diesel fuel combining four primary units including: gasification of diesel to ensure complete conversion of fuel, chemical looping combustion with supported nickel-based oxygen carrier on alumina, gas turbine-based power generation and steam turbine-based power generation is described. An external combustion and a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) are employed to maximize the efficiency of a gas turbine generator and steam turbine generator. The integrated CLC system provides a clean and efficient diesel fueled power generation plant with high CO.sub.2 recovery.