A biomass gasification furnace provided with an outer tube, an inner tube provided inside the outer tube so that a lower end thereof is located higher than a lower end of the outer tube, and a reactor that heats the outer tube from outside, wherein a combustion air supply portion that supplies combustion air is provided inside the inner tube so as to be spaced from the lower end of the inner tube, a biomass raw material is supplied from above to the inside of the inner tube so as to form an accumulation portion in which the biomass raw material has accumulated from the lower end of the outer tube to a location higher than the combustion air supply portion, a fuel gas is produced in the accumulation portion, and the produced fuel gas is discharged through a space between the inner tube and the outer tube.

A gasification system for receiving biomass feedstock and gasifying the biomass feedstock to produce char can include a reaction zone for receiving biomass fuel and a cooling zone for receiving char from the reaction zone. Together, the reaction zone and the cooling zone include a reaction chamber and a cooling chamber defining a live floor and a gas recovery volume above the live floor. The reaction zone and the cooling zone also include augers arranged side-by-side on the live floor, where each auger has helical flighting. The helical flighting of each auger can be turned in an opposing direction to each adjacent auger. Each auger can also include paddles intermittently interrupting the helical flighting for turning over the biomass fuel. The augers can be driven to pull the biomass fuel from a first end to a second end of the reaction chamber and the cooling chamber.

A biomass gasifier for producing syngas. The biomass gasifier includes a first tube having an air distribution manifold that extend within the gasification chamber. The first tube is rotatably positioned within a second tube, where the second tube is connected to a mixer below the air distribution manifold. The first tube has an air passage that is fluidly connected to an air source to deliver air to the combustion chamber through a plurality of air outlets within the air distribution manifold for distribution. The first tube is independently rotated from the second tube to evenly distribute air within the combustion chamber and the second tube with the mixer are rotated to agitate the biomass within the combustion chamber once a desired operating temperature range within the combustion chamber has been achieved.

The present disclosure provides a method and an apparatus for implementing gasification by combining a circulating fluidized bed and a pyrolysis bed. The method and the apparatus may be applied to raw coal for generating coal gas with a high raw coal gasification rate while producing no pollutants, such as tar, during gasification. The apparatus includes a circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace and a pyrolysis bed gasification furnace. In the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace, raw coal is converted to coal gas along with carbon-containing fly ash and semicoke, with the latter two separated from the coal gas using a cyclone separator and a deposition chamber. The semicoke is further processed by the pyrolysis bed gasification furnace to generate more coal gas, whereas the carbon-containing fly ash is sent back to the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace for further combustion.

A carbonaceous fuel gasification system for all-steam gasification with carbon capture includes a micronized char preparation system comprising a devolatilizer that receives solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, oxygen, and fluidizing steam and produces micronized char, steam, volatiles, hydrogen, and volatiles at outlets. An indirect gasifier includes a vessel comprising a gasification chamber that receives the micronized char, a conveying fluid, and steam. The gasification chamber produces syngas, ash, and steam at one or more outlets. A combustion chamber receives a mixture of hydrogen and oxidant and burns the mixture of hydrogen and oxidant to provide heat for gasification and for heating incoming flows, thereby generating steam and nitrogen. The heat for gasification is transferred from the combustion chamber to the gasification chamber by circulating refractory sand. The system of the present teaching produces nitrogen free high hydrogen syngas for applications such as IGCC with CCS, CTL, and Polygeneration plants.

A gasifier may include a chamber wall defining a gasification chamber configured to allow gasification of feedstock material. The gasifier may also include an ash grate disposed in the gasification chamber. The gasifier may further include a rotary crusher disposed in the gasification chamber above the ash grate. The rotary crusher may include at least one crushing element. The rotary crusher may be configured to break apart, between the at least one crushing element and an opposing surface, the feedstock material responsive to rotation of the rotary crusher.

The present invention relates to a gasification apparatus and a gasification method, the apparatus comprising: a reactor for gasifying fuel; a fuel supply part for supplying fuel to the reactor; and a dispersion plate for spraying fuel, so as to enhance reactivity in the reactor, and aerosolizing moisture within fuel, thereby uniformly supplying fuel to the reactor, wherein the dispersion plate, in a state of being charged by receiving power, is configured to electrostatically spray fuel and a gasification agent, thereby producing a micro droplet, and atomizing the same. Accordingly, it is possible to aerosolize fuel using a boiling phenomenon or an electrostatic spray phenomenon, and uniformly supply fuel to the reactor. Also, it is possible to obtain the effect of increasing gasification reaction efficiency by preheating and reforming fuel and moisture through mid-low temperature oxidation prior to supplying the same the reactor.

Aspects provide for volatilizing a biomass-based fuel stream, removing undesirable components from the resulting volatiles stream, and combusting the resulting stream (e.g., in a kiln). Removal of particles, ash, and/or H2O from the volatiles stream improves its economic value and enhances the substitution of legacy (e.g., fossil) fuels with biomass-based fuels. Aspects may be particularly advantageous for upgrading otherwise low-quality biomass to a fuel specification sufficient for industrial implementation. A volatilization reactor may include a fluidized bed reactor, which may comprise multiple stages and/or a splashgenerator. A splashgenerator may impart directed momentum to a portion of the bed to increase bed transport via directed flow.

An updraft gasifier including a reactor chamber, the chamber adapted to receive an amount of biomass fuel, one or more reaction gas input means, the base portion located below and fluidly connected to the receiving portion of the reactor chamber, a hollow feed tube extending into the receiving portion of the chamber to terminate at a feed tube terminus within the receiving portion of the chamber, one or more product gas output means located at or near the top of the receiving portion of the reactor chamber; and wherein the gasifier further includes a biomass distribution member within the receiving chamber, the biomass distribution member positioned to enable a portion of the distribution member to be moveable beneath the feed tube terminus.

A system includes a feed injector that may supply a feedstock to a gasifier. The feed injector includes one or more conduits extending toward a tip portion having an outlet, cooling coil coupled to the tip portion, and a protective shell including a first protective shell portion coupled to a second protective shell portion. The protective shell surrounds the tip portion and at least portions of the one or more conduits and the cooling coil. The feed injector also includes one or more mounting structures disposed along an outer perimeter of the feed injector. The one or more mounting structures may facilitate coupling of the first protective shell portion, the second protective shell portion, and the feed injector.