The present application provides a reactor for: converting feedstock material into gases; or disassociating or reforming a chemical compound; and/a mixture to its constituent elements; and/to other chemical forms, and; finally a heating device. The reactor comprises a heating device for discharging an ionized gas into the reactor, a feedstock feeder for injecting the feedstock material into the reactor, and a shell forming a chamber that encloses a portion of the heating device and a portion of the feedstock feeder. The application also provides a method for converting hydrocarbon material into synthetic gases. The method comprises: providing the hydrocarbon material to a burner inserted into a reactor, a second step of supplying ionized gases into the reactor, and a third step of subjecting the burner to a flame of the ionized gases such that molecules of the hydrocarbon material are dissociated to forming synthetic gas.

The gasifier operates to mix a start up heat source with crude syngas combustion for driving gasification of waste. Combustion flue gas can be maintained above 650 C. until reaching a quench to prevent formation of dioxins. Excess heat is liberated through a heat recovery unit. The gasifier can operate in a batch mode to process small batches of waste efficiently for small installations, such as ships, apartment buildings, hospitals and residences.

The present application provides a reactor for: converting feedstock material into gases; or disassociating or reforming a chemical compound; and/a a mixture to its constituent elements; and/to other chemical forms, and; finally a heating device. The reactor comprises a heating device for discharging an ionized gas into the reactor, a feedstock feeder for injecting the feedstock material into the reactor, and a shell forming a chamber that encloses a portion of the heating device and a portion of the feedstock feeder. The application also provides a method for converting hydrocarbon material into synthetic gases. The method comprises: providing the hydrocarbon material to a burner inserted into a reactor, a second step of supplying ionized gases into the reactor, and a third step of subjecting the burner to a flame of the ionized gases such that molecules of the hydrocarbon material are dissociated to forming synthetic gas.

The invention relates to a process for producing hydrogen, carbon monoxide and a carbon-containing product in at least one reaction apparatus, wherein the at least one reaction apparatus comprises a bed of carbon-containing material and is characterized in that the bed of carbon-containing material in the at least one reaction apparatus is alternately heated to a temperature of >800 C. and, no later than upon reaching a temperature of 1800 C., cooled to a maximum of 800 C., wherein hydrogen and carbon monoxide are produced during the heating phase and carbon and hydrogen are produced during the cooling phase.

A carbonaceous fuel gasification system for all-steam gasification with carbon capture includes a micronized char preparation system comprising a devolatilizer that receives solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, oxygen, and fluidizing steam and produces micronized char, steam, volatiles, hydrogen, and volatiles at outlets. An indirect gasifier includes a vessel comprising a gasification chamber that receives the micronized char, a conveying fluid, and steam. The gasification chamber produces syngas, ash, and steam at one or more outlets. A combustion chamber receives a mixture of hydrogen and oxidant and burns the mixture of hydrogen and oxidant to provide heat for gasification and for heating incoming flows, thereby generating steam and nitrogen. The heat for gasification is transferred from the combustion chamber to the gasification chamber by circulating refractory sand. The system of the present teaching produces nitrogen free high hydrogen syngas for applications such as IGCC with CCS, CTL, and Polygeneration plants.

The present technology relates to converting plastic waste into sustainable fuels and other valuable chemicals using: (i) a pyrolysis reactor equipped with a dual fuel heating system, which is heated by electricity in a first run of pyrolysis process, and after thermal decomposition of the plastic waste, is heated by combustion a synthesis gas produced from a pyrolysis reaction, and (ii) a pyrolysis system comprising a first pyrolysis reactor and a second pyrolysis reactor operating in series, in which the second pyrolysis reactor is heated by a gas or electricity resulting from the first pyrolysis reactor; therefore, after the first pyrolysis reactor is operated, both the pyrolysis reactors can work without the need for external energy supply by burning pyrolysis products to generate heat or converting them to the electricity needed to dry waste feedstock and operate the pyrolysis reactors.

The invention relates to the unique operation of a partial oxidation (POx) system by enabling simultaneous injection of feeds with widely varying properties, including simultaneous injection of gas, liquid and solid feedstocks to the hot oxygen burner.

A method and an apparatus for treating comminuted waste material the method comprising: a) providing a heating chamber (28) and one or more combustion heating means (40a-f) for heating the contents of the heating chamber (28), the heating chamber (28) having an inlet (21) and an outlet (22), b) feeding comminuted waste material through the inlet (21) and into the heating chamber (28); c) heating the comminuted waste material in the heating chamber (28), using the combustion heating means (40a-f), to generate a combustible gas; and d) supplying at least a portion of the generated combustible gas to the one or more combustion heating means (40a-f) for heating the heating chamber (28).

The invention pertains to a system for extracting hydrogen from an organic feedstock, comprising: a thermolyzer supplied with the organic feedstock and adapted to heat it up the feedstock to a temperature of at least 800 C. while conveying it inside a gasification chamber by an auger and to collect a thermogas, a duct line to convey the thermogas to a high temperature reformer exposing it to a temperature comprised between 1200 C. and 1,400 C. and releasing a high temperature reformed gas, a duct line conveying the high temperature reformed gas to a heat chamber of the thermolyzer, the heat chamber comprising a chamber outlet to release the reformed gas after circulation in the heat chamber, a duct line conveying the reformed gas from the chamber outlet to an installation adapted to separate hydrogen from the reformed gas, and a hydrogen storage for the hydrogen produced by the installation.

Methods and apparatus may permit the generation of consistent output synthesis gas from highly variable input feedstock solids carbonaceous materials. A stoichiometric objectivistic chemic environment may be established to stoichiometrically control carbon content in a solid carbonaceous materials gasifier system. Processing of carbonaceous materials may include dominative pyrolytic decomposition and multiple coil carbonaceous reformation. Dynamically adjustable process determinative parameters may be utilized to refine processing, including process utilization of negatively electrostatically enhanced water species, process utilization of flue gas, and adjustment of process flow rate characteristics. Recycling may be employed for internal reuse of process materials, including recycled negatively electrostatically enhanced water species, recycled flue gas, and recycled contaminants. Synthesis gas generation may involve predetermining a desired synthesis gas for output and creating high yields of such a predetermined desired synthesis gas.