A system for peak shaving with coupled surplus energy utilization and solid waste treatment is provided. The system includes a solar concentrating tower provided with a heat absorber, a gasifier, a gas storage tank, a tar storage mechanism, and a microwave pyrolysis device. The heat absorber configured to supply heat to the gasifier. The gasifier is configured to pyrolyze solid waste into primary combustible gas, pyrolysis oil, and pyrolysis char. The gas storage tank is in fluid communication with the gasifier and configured to collect the primary combustible gas. The tar storage mechanism is in fluid communication with the gasifier and configured to store the pyrolysis oil and the pyrolysis char. The microwave pyrolysis device is powered by a thermal power generation unit. The microwave pyrolysis device is configured to pyrolyze the pyrolysis oil and the pyrolysis char into secondary combustible gas, which is collected into the gas storage tank.

A system for using carbonaceous material includes a steam reformer, a hydrocarbon reformer, and at least one gas-cleanup system. Also described are methods of producing liquid fuel and/or chemicals from carbonaceous material.