Novel redox based systems for fuel and chemical production with in-situ CO.sub.2 capture are provided. A redox system using one or more chemical intermediates is utilized in conjunction with liquid fuel generation via indirect Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, direct hydro genation, or pyrolysis. The redox system is used to generate a hydrogen rich stream and/or CO.sub.2 and/or heat for liquid fuel and chemical production. A portion of the byproduct fuels and/or steam from liquid fuel and chemical synthesis is used as part of the feedstock for the redox system.

Provided are a char feeding hopper that makes it possible to accurately measure char, a char recovery system, and a coal gasification combined power generation system. The char feeding hopper comprises: a char feeding hopper body that feeds separated char to a coal gasifier side; at least two casing tubes (121, 122) that are inserted from a side wall of the char feeding hopper body and that are provided so as to be aligned with one another in the vertical axis direction; a radiation source section (101) that is provided within the casing tube (121) and that emits -rays within the char feeding hopper body; and a -ray detector that is provided within the casing tube (122) and that detects emitted -rays. The cross-section of each casing tube (121, 122) has a shape that is provided with a tapered section (200) having an apex angle on the upper edge thereof.

This IGCC plant is provided with an ASU which separates oxygen gas and nitrogen gas from air, a coal gasification furnace which uses an oxidizing agent to gasify coal, and a gas turbine which is driven by the combustion gas resulting from burning a gas generated by means of the coal gasification furnace. This IGCC plant control device (50) is provided with an air separation amount determination unit (52) which determines the production amount of nitrogen gas produced by the ASU depending on the operating load of the IGCC plant, and supplies to the coal gasification furnace the entire amount of oxygen gas generated as a byproduct in response to the determined nitrogen gas production amount. By this means, the IGCC plant can minimize blow-off of oxygen gas produced from the air.

A system includes a radiant syngas cooler which receives and cools syngas generated in a gasifier. The radiant syngas cooler includes an outer shell of the radiant syngas cooler defining an annular space of the radiant syngas cooler and a heat exchange tube of the radiant syngas cooler positioned within the annular space and configured to flow a cooling medium. The heat exchange tube is configured to enable heat exchange between the syngas and the cooling medium to cool the syngas. The radiant syngas cooler includes a downcomer tube of the radiant syngas cooler which supplies the cooling medium to the heat exchange tube, where the downcomer tube includes a downflow portion positioned outside of the annular space of the radiant syngas cooler. The downflow portion is fluidly coupled to a header, and the header fluidly couples the downcomer tube to the heat exchange tube.

A process for preparing synthetic hydrocarbons from a biomass feedstock is provided. The process involves electrolysis of steam and/or CO.sub.2, optionally along with a refinery gas in a high temperature co-electrolyzer (HTCE) to produce oxygen and hydrogen and/or enhanced hydrogen rich syngas. The oxygen generated via the electrolysis process is used for partial oxidation of a biomass feedstock in a gasifier to generate a hydrogen lean syngas. The hydrogen lean syngas is mixed with at least a portion of the hydrogen and/or enhanced hydrogen rich syngas generated via the high temperature electrolysis/co-electrolysis to formulate a hydrogen rich syngas. The hydrogen rich syngas is then reacted in a Fischer Tropsch (FT) reactor to produce synthetic hydrocarbons and refinery gas.

Problem to be Solved To provide a waste gasification melting apparatus which, even if a fuel gas is used as an alternative to a part of the coke, the temperature of the coke bed can be sufficiently raised, and a method using the same. Solution A waste gasification melting apparatus including an oxygen rich air supply apparatus 14 for blowing oxygen rich air into a tuyere 5, and a fuel gas supply apparatus 15 for supplying a fuel gas to the tuyere 5, and a controller 16 for controlling the oxygen rich air supply apparatus 14; the oxygen rich air supply apparatus 14 mixing air and oxygen to prepare oxygen rich air and supply the oxygen rich air to the tuyere 5; and the controller 16 controlling the amount of air to be mixed and the amount of oxygen to be mixed in the oxygen rich air supply apparatus 14 so as to give an oxygen concentration of the oxygen rich air in accordance with the amount of fuel gas supplied to the tuyere 5 from the fuel gas supply apparatus 15.

A furnace monitoring device for monitoring the inside of a gasifier through which a combustible gas flows is provided with: a nozzle that has an internal cavity, and that is inserted inside the gasifier and fixed to the gasifier; a cylindrical protection tube which is inserted into the nozzle, and a part of which, located on the inside of the gasifier is, blocked; a monitoring window which is provided on the protection tube on the inside of the gasifier, and is made of a material that transmits light; a purge mechanism which supplies a gas containing an oxidizer to a surface of the monitoring window facing the inside of the gasifier; and an image capturing means which captures an image of the inside of the gasifier through the monitoring window.

A pulverized-fuel supply unit includes a hopper, first nozzles, second nozzles, a pressurizing-gas supply device, a fluidization-gas supply device, and a pulverized-fuel supply line. The hopper has a hollow to store therein pulverized fuel. The first nozzles are provided to the hopper. The second nozzles are provided to a vertically lower part of the hopper below the plurality of first nozzles. The pressurizing-gas supply device is configured to supply pressurizing gas to increase internal pressure of the hopper. The fluidization-gas supply device is configured to supply fluidization gas to fluidize the pulverized fuel in the hopper. The pulverized-fuel supply line is provided to a vertically lower part of the hopper. The pressurizing-gas supply device supplies pressurizing gas to the first nozzles and the second nozzles. The fluidization-gas supply device supplies fluidization gas to the second nozzles.

An IGCC plant includes a coal gasifier that gasifies coal by using an oxidizer, a gas turbine that is driven by combustion gas generated by combustion of fuel gas obtained by purifying gas generated by the coal gasifier in gas clean-up equipment, and an oxidizer supply path for supplying air extracted from an air compressor of the gas turbine or oxygen separated from the air as an oxidizer for the coal gasifier. A control unit (50) for the gasification power generation plant controls the amount of the oxidizer that is supplied to the coal gasifier to be less than or equal to a predetermined upper-limit value, while allowing deviation of an air ratio from a predetermined set value, the air ratio representing the ratio of the amount of air that is supplied to the coal gasifier relative to a theoretical amount of air for combustion of carbon, in accordance with variations in an operating-state quantity of the coal gasifier or variations in a load of the IGCC plant. Accordingly, the capacity of the oxidizer supplying equipment need not be increased in the IGCC plant, and it is possible to quickly stabilize control of the plant as a whole.

Provided are a slag crusher, a gasifier, an integrated gasification combined cycle, and an assembly method of a slag crusher that can ensure the strength of a guide rod. The slag crusher includes: a porous member screen; a spreader that is reciprocated in a predetermined direction along a top surface of the screen and crushes the slag accumulated on the screen; and a guide rod having an axis line along the predetermined direction, is connected to the spreader, and restricts a moving direction of the spreader, the guide rod has a spreader-side member connected to the spreader and a shaft member connected to the spreader-side member, the spreader-side member and the shaft member are connected by butt welding in the axis line direction, and the spreader-side member and the shaft member have the same shape of cross sections orthogonal to the axis line direction at a butt welding position.