Naphtha boiling range compositions are provided that are formed from crude oils with unexpected combinations of high naphthenes to aromatics weight and/or volume ratio and a low sulfur content. The resulting naphtha boiling range fractions can have a high naphthenes to aromatics weight ratio, a low but substantial content of aromatics, and a low sulfur content. In some aspects, the fractions can be used as fuels and/or fuel blending products after fractionation with minimal further refinery processing. In other aspects, the amount of additional refinery processing, such as hydrotreatment, catalytic reforming and/or isomerization, can be reduced or minimized. By reducing, minimizing, or avoiding the amount of hydroprocessing needed to meet fuel and/or fuel blending product specifications, the fractions derived from the high naphthenes to aromatics ratio and low sulfur crudes can provide fuels and/or fuel blending products having a reduced or minimized carbon intensity.

The present disclosure provides a process for forming a biogenic carbon-based fuel or a fuel intermediate from biogenic carbon dioxide and hydrogen. The hydrogen is sourced from a process that produces hydrogen and fossil carbon dioxide from a fossil-fuel hydrocarbon and separates the fossil carbon dioxide from the hydrogen. The process may further comprise carrying out or arranging for one or more parties to carry out at least one step that contributes to a reduction in the GHG emissions of the biogenic carbon-based fuel, or a fuel made from the fuel intermediate, of at least 20% relative to a gasoline baseline. In various embodiments this includes (a) introducing the fossil carbon dioxide underground, and/or (b) using a biogenic carbon-based product selected from a chemical and energy product produced from the non-fossil organic material to displace the use or production of a corresponding fossil-based product.

Disclosed is a blended gasoline composition having an AKI of 87. The formulation of the blended gasoline composition leads to a reduction in carbon dioxide emission. The blended gasoline composition contains a reduced concentration of olefins and non-amine aromatics.

Methods of making a diesel fuel blend having enhanced cold properties; methods of lowering the cloud point of a mineral middle distillate fuel; and diesel fuel blends including a blend of a renewable fuel and a mineral middle distillate fuel.

A fuel or fuel blending agent for an internal combustion engine includes a ketone compound that is a C.sub.4 to C.sub.10 branched acyclic ketone, cyclopentanone, or a derivative of cyclopentanone. The ketone compound may be blended with a majority portion of a fuel selected from the group consisting of: gasoline, diesel, alcohol fuel, biofuel, renewable fuel, Fischer-Tropsch fuel, or combinations thereof. The ketone compound may be derived from biological sources. A method for powering an internal combustion engine with a fuel comprising the ketone compound is also provided.

Separation of carbon dioxide from the exhaust of an internal combustion engine, the production of hydrogen from water, and reformation of carbon dioxide and hydrogen into relatively high-octane fuel components.

Diesel boiling-range fuel blends including renewable diesel, biodiesel, and petrodiesel, where the diesel boiling-range fuel blend is capable of producing a minimal volume change of at least one swellable elastomer in a diesel boiling-range fuel system are provided herein. Methods of making the diesel boiling-range fuel blend as well as methods of reducing swellable elastomer shrinkage are also provided herein.

Provided is a process for hydrating and oligomerizing a hydrocarbon feed comprising mixed olefins, by contacting the feed with water and a catalyst in a fixed bed reactor, wherein the catalyst hydrates mixed olefins to mixed alcohols and oligomerizes mixed olefins into oligomers; introducing the resulting stream into a first separator that separates an organic phase from an aqueous phase; introducing the organic phase into a second separator that separates unreacted olefins from mixed alcohols/oligomers; introducing the aqueous phase into a third separator that separates an alcohol-water azeotrope from water; introducing the second stream into a fourth separator that separates sec-butyl alcohol to produce a third stream comprising mixed butanols and oligomers and an SBA stream; f) mixing the third stream and a first portion of the SBA stream to produce a final product stream; and g) recycling a second portion of the SBA stream to the second separator.

Processes for the catalytic activation and/or dehydrogenation of a paraffin feed stream that is enriched in C5 alkanes to produce olefins that are then hydrated in the presence of water to produce C5 alcohols. Optionally, paraffin isomers are separated and the n-paraffins isomerized prior to catalytic activation and/or dehydrogenation.

Naphtha boiling range compositions are provided that can have improved combustion properties (relative to the research octane number of the composition) in spark ignition engines and/or compression ignition engines. The improved combustion properties can be achieved by controlling the total combined amounts of n-paraffins and isoparaffins that include a straight-chain propyl group (R.sub.1—CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—R.sub.2). For such a straight-chain propyl group, R.sub.2 can correspond to any convenient C.sub.xH.sub.y group that can appear in a paraffin or isoparaffin. R.sub.1 can correspond to a hydrogen atom, making the straight-chain propyl group a terminal n-propyl group; or R.sub.1 can correspond to any convenient C.sub.xH.sub.y group that can appear in a paraffin or isoparaffin.