A fullerene derivative of the present invention has a fullerene skeleton and a plurality of perfluoropolyether chains in a molecule, wherein the perfluoropolyether chains are bonded to the fullerene skeleton via methano groups, and a lubricant and fluororesin composition of the present invention contain the derivative.

One embodiment of the present invention is a fullerene derivative represented by general formula (1)

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(wherein FLN is a fullerene backbone; each A is independently a monovalent group including a divalent perfluoropolyether group; each R is each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, or an alkoxycarbonyl group including a divalent perfluoropolyether group; at least one of the 2m R is a hydrocarbon group or an alkoxycarbonyl group including a divalent perfluoropolyether group; m is an integer from 1 to 5; and n is an integer from 1 to 6).

A fullerene derivative, used as a lubricant, includes, in a molecule: a fullerene backbone; and n pyrrolidine rings each being condensed to the fullerene backbone, each of the pyrrolidine rings including one aryl group including a group including m perfluoropolyether chains, m being an integer from 2 to 5 and n being an integer from 1 to 5.

A fullerene derivative, used as a lubricant, includes, in a molecule: a fullerene backbone; and n pyrrolidine rings each being condensed to the fullerene backbone, each of the pyrrolidine rings including one aryl group including a group including m perfluoropolyether chains, m being an integer from 2 to 5 and n being an integer from 1 to 5.

A method for preparing a partially fluorinated ester comprising acyl and alkoxy groups wherein the acyl group comprises a branched or linear fluorine containing C.sub.3-C.sub.8 group with one of the structures: (Formulae (I), (II)) wherein X and Y are independently selected from: H, CH.sub.3, F, Cl, CH.sub.2F, CF.sub.3OCF.sub.3, OCH.sub.2CF.sub.3, OCH.sub.2CF.sub.2CHF.sub.2 and CH.sub.2CF.sub.3 (wherein both X and Y cannot be H) comprising reacting an unsaturated halocarbon: (Formula (III)) wherein A and B are independently selected from the group comprising H, CH.sub.3, F, Cl, CH.sub.2F, CF.sub.3, OCF.sub.3, OCH.sub.2CF.sub.3, OCH.sub.2CF.sub.2CHF.sub.2 and CH.sub.2CF.sub.3 (wherein both A and B cannot be H) with carbon monoxide and an alcohol, in the presence of a catalyst methods. ##STR00001##

A method for preparing a partially fluorinated ester comprising acyl and alkoxy groups wherein the acyl group comprises a branched or linear fluorine containing C.sub.3-C.sub.8 group with one of the structures: (Formulae (I), (II)) wherein X and Y are independently selected from: H, CH.sub.3, F, Cl, CH.sub.2F, CF.sub.3OCF.sub.3, OCH.sub.2CF.sub.3, OCH.sub.2CF.sub.2CHF.sub.2 and CH.sub.2CF.sub.3 (wherein both X and Y cannot be H) comprising reacting an unsaturated halocarbon: (Formula (III)) wherein A and B are independently selected from the group comprising H, CH.sub.3, F, Cl, CH.sub.2F, CF.sub.3, OCF.sub.3, OCH.sub.2CF.sub.3, OCH.sub.2CF.sub.2CHF.sub.2 and CH.sub.2CF.sub.3 (wherein both A and B cannot be H) with carbon monoxide and an alcohol, in the presence of a catalyst methods. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a fluorine-containing ether compound represented by Formula (1),

R.sup.1R.sup.2CH.sub.2R.sup.3CH.sub.2R.sup.4(1).

(In Formula (1), R.sup.1 is an end group including an organic group having at least one double bond or triple bond, R.sup.2 is a divalent linking group bonded to R.sup.1 by etheric oxygen, R.sup.3 is a perfluoropolyether chain, R.sup.4 is an end group having two or three polar groups with each polar group being bonded to different carbon atoms, and the carbon atoms, to which the polar groups are bonded, being bonded to each other via a linking group including carbon atoms to which the polar groups are not bonded.)

The present invention relates to a fluorine-containing ether compound represented by Formula (1),

R.sup.1R.sup.2CH.sub.2R.sup.3CH.sub.2R.sup.4(1).

(In Formula (1), R.sup.1 is an end group including an organic group having at least one double bond or triple bond, R.sup.2 is a divalent linking group bonded to R.sup.1 by etheric oxygen, R.sup.3 is a perfluoropolyether chain, R.sup.4 is an end group having two or three polar groups with each polar group being bonded to different carbon atoms, and the carbon atoms, to which the polar groups are bonded, being bonded to each other via a linking group including carbon atoms to which the polar groups are not bonded.)

The present disclosure describes a strategy to create self-healing, slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces. Roughened (e.g., porous) surfaces can be utilized to lock in place a lubricating fluid, referred to herein as Liquid B to repel a wide range of materials, referred to herein as Object A (Solid A or Liquid A). Slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces outperforms other conventional surfaces in its capability to repel various simple and complex liquids (water, hydrocarbons, crude oil and blood), maintain low-contact-angle hysteresis (<2.5?), quickly restore liquid-repellency after physical damage (within 0.1-1 s), resist ice, microorganisms and insects adhesion, and function at high pressures (up to at least 690 atm). Some exemplary application where slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces will be useful include energy-efficient fluid handling and transportation, optical sensing, medicine, and as self-cleaning, and anti-fouling materials operating in extreme environments.

The present disclosure describes a strategy to create self-healing, slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces. Roughened (e.g., porous) surfaces can be utilized to lock in place a lubricating fluid, referred to herein as Liquid B to repel a wide range of materials, referred to herein as Object A (Solid A or Liquid A). Slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces outperforms other conventional surfaces in its capability to repel various simple and complex liquids (water, hydrocarbons, crude oil and blood), maintain low-contact-angle hysteresis (<2.5?), quickly restore liquid-repellency after physical damage (within 0.1-1 s), resist ice, microorganisms and insects adhesion, and function at high pressures (up to at least 690 atm). Some exemplary application where slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces will be useful include energy-efficient fluid handling and transportation, optical sensing, medicine, and as self-cleaning, and anti-fouling materials operating in extreme environments.