The present invention relates to a metallocene compound, and preparation and use thereof, and the compound can be used as a catalyst for synthesis of poly-α-olefin as lubricating base oil. The metallocene compound includes a substituted aryl group, a bridged atom, an optionally unsubstituted, 3-mono-substituted or 3,6-disubstituted 5H-indeno [1,2-b] pyridyl group or optionally unsubstituted, 3-mono-substituted or 3,6-disubstituted 5H-indeno [1,2-b] thiopyranyl group, and a metal coordination group. As a catalyst, the metallocene compound is shown to be structurally stable and high in catalytic efficiency, and the preparation of the catalyst is relatively easy in operation, high in yield, low in cost, low in pollution and easy to scale up for industrial production.

The present invention relates to a metallocene compound, and preparation and use thereof, and the compound can be used as a catalyst for synthesis of poly-α-olefin as lubricating base oil. The metallocene compound includes a substituted aryl group, a bridged atom, an optionally unsubstituted, 3-mono-substituted or 3,6-disubstituted 5H-indeno [1,2-b] pyridyl group or optionally unsubstituted, 3-mono-substituted or 3,6-disubstituted 5H-indeno [1,2-b] thiopyranyl group, and a metal coordination group. As a catalyst, the metallocene compound is shown to be structurally stable and high in catalytic efficiency, and the preparation of the catalyst is relatively easy in operation, high in yield, low in cost, low in pollution and easy to scale up for industrial production.

A lubricating oil composition for an internal combustion engine includes: a lubricant base oil including at least one mineral base oil, at least one synthetic base oil, or any combination thereof, and having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 3.0 to 4.0 mm.sup.2/s and a NOACK evaporation loss at 250° C. of no more than 15 mass %; (A) a calcium-containing metallic detergent in an amount of no less than 1000 mass ppm and less than 2000 mass ppm in terms of calcium; (B) a magnesium-containing metallic detergent in an amount of 100 to 1000 mass ppm in terms of magnesium; (G) a zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate in an amount of no less than 600 mass ppm in terms of phosphorus; and optionally (C) a viscosity index improver in an amount of no more than 5 mass %.

A lubricating oil composition for an internal combustion engine includes: a lubricant base oil including at least one mineral base oil, at least one synthetic base oil, or any combination thereof, and having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 3.0 to 4.0 mm.sup.2/s and a NOACK evaporation loss at 250° C. of no more than 15 mass %; (A) a calcium-containing metallic detergent in an amount of no less than 1000 mass ppm and less than 2000 mass ppm in terms of calcium; (B) a magnesium-containing metallic detergent in an amount of 100 to 1000 mass ppm in terms of magnesium; (G) a zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate in an amount of no less than 600 mass ppm in terms of phosphorus; and optionally (C) a viscosity index improver in an amount of no more than 5 mass %.

This invention relates to novel and improved catalyst and catalysts systems for the oligomerization of the higher olefins, which produce lubricants having improved properties, such as end-saturated oligomer chains which are needless to hydrogenation process, low kinematic viscosity and/or high viscosity index, low pour point, and high flash point lubricants.

This invention relates to novel and improved catalyst and catalysts systems for the oligomerization of the higher olefins, which produce lubricants having improved properties, such as end-saturated oligomer chains which are needless to hydrogenation process, low kinematic viscosity and/or high viscosity index, low pour point, and high flash point lubricants.

A lubricating oil composition may have excellent long-term anti-foaming performance and detergency while blending a silicone-based anti-foaming agent. Such a lubricating oil composition may contain a base oil (A) and a silicone-based anti-foaming agent (B). A silicon atom content may be 50 ppb by mass to 4,000 ppb by mass, based on a total amount of the lubricating oil composition.

A lubricating oil composition may have excellent long-term anti-foaming performance and detergency while blending a silicone-based anti-foaming agent. Such a lubricating oil composition may contain a base oil (A) and a silicone-based anti-foaming agent (B). A silicon atom content may be 50 ppb by mass to 4,000 ppb by mass, based on a total amount of the lubricating oil composition.

A process to convert paraffinic feedstocks into renewable poly-alpha-olefins (PAO) basestocks. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, renewable feed comprising triglycerides and/or free fatty acids are hydrotreated producing an intermediate paraffin feedstock. This paraffin feedstock is thermally cracked into a mixture of olefins and paraffins comprising linear alpha olefins. The olefins are separated and the un-reacted paraffins are recycled to the thermal cracker. Light olefins preferably (C2-C6) are oligomerized with a surface deactivated zeolite producing a mixture of slightly branched oligomers comprising internal olefins. The heavier olefins (C6-C16) are oligomerized, preferably with a BF3 catalyst and co-catalyst to produce PAO products. The oligomerized products can be hydrotreated and distilled together or separate to produce finished products that include naphtha, distillate, solvents, and PAO lube basestocks.

The present disclosure relates to processes to produce a poly alpha-olefin (PAO) composition. In some embodiments, a process includes introducing a first C6-C32 alpha-olefin, a second C6-C32 alpha-olefin different than the first C6-C32 alpha-olefin, and a first catalyst system comprising an activator and a metallocene compound into a first reactor, wherein a molar ratio of the first C6-C32 alpha-olefin to the second C6-C32 alpha-olefin is from about 1:5 to about 5:1, by total moles of the first and second C6-C32 alpha-olefin; obtaining a first effluent including a PAO dimer; introducing the first effluent, a third C6-C32 alpha-olefin, and a second catalyst system to an oligomerization unit, wherein the third C6-C32 alpha-olefin is the same or different than the first C6-C32 alpha-olefin and/or second C6-C32 alpha-olefin; obtaining a second effluent; and hydrogenating the second effluent to form the PAO composition.