The invention is directed to a method for reducing low speed pre-ignition events in a spark-ignited direct injection internal combustion engine by supplying to the sump a lubricant composition which contains an oil of lubricating viscosity and a metal overbased detergent. The metal overbased detergent may be selected from sulfonate detergents, phenate detergents, and salicylate detergents, especially sulfonate detergents with a metal ratio of at least 5.

A lubricant composition includes a base oil and an additive package. The additive package includes a seal compatibility additive chosen from a halide seal compatibility additive, an epoxide seal compatibility additive, a boroxine seal compatibility additive, a sulfonate ester seal compatibility additive, and combinations thereof. The alkoxylated amide and the ester are set forth in general formulas A and B, respectively: In general formulas A and B, each R.sup.13, R.sup.II, R.sup.III, and R.sup.IV, is, independently, a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, hydrocarbyl group. In addition, at least one of R.sup.II and R.sup.III include an alkoxy group, and R.sup.IV includes an amine group.

##STR00001##

A lubricant composition includes a base oil and an additive package. The additive package includes a seal compatibility additive chosen from a halide seal compatibility additive, an epoxide seal compatibility additive, a boroxine seal compatibility additive, a sulfonate ester seal compatibility additive, and combinations thereof. The alkoxylated amide and the ester are set forth in general formulas A and B, respectively: In general formulas A and B, each R.sup.13, R.sup.II, R.sup.III, and R.sup.IV, is, independently, a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, hydrocarbyl group. In addition, at least one of R.sup.II and R.sup.III include an alkoxy group, and R.sup.IV includes an amine group.

##STR00001##

A quaternary ammonium compound of formula (X):

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.0, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is each individually an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl or aryl group and R includes an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl moiety having at least 5 carbon atoms.

A quaternary ammonium compound of formula (X):

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.0, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is each individually an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl or aryl group and R includes an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl moiety having at least 5 carbon atoms.

The present invention provides a lubricant composition which can be washed off cold and the use thereof for application to a metal strip as anti-corrosion, wash and/or forming lubricant. The composition is 50 to 90 wt % base fluid, 3 to 15 wt % sulfonate-based corrosion inhibitor, 1 to 20 wt % ester component, 0.5 to 3 wt % phosphorus source component or 1 to 10 wt % sulfur source component as high-pressure/anti-wear additive, 1 to 15 wt % emulsifier, 0.05 to 1 wt % carboxylic acid component, 0.05 to 1 wt % aminic and/or phenolic antioxidant, 0.5 to 5 wt % wax and/or thickener component, based in each case on the total weight of the composition. Further disclosed is a dry lubricant composition which can be washed off cold.

The present invention provides a lubricant composition which can be washed off cold and the use thereof for application to a metal strip as anti-corrosion, wash and/or forming lubricant. The composition is 50 to 90 wt % base fluid, 3 to 15 wt % sulfonate-based corrosion inhibitor, 1 to 20 wt % ester component, 0.5 to 3 wt % phosphorus source component or 1 to 10 wt % sulfur source component as high-pressure/anti-wear additive, 1 to 15 wt % emulsifier, 0.05 to 1 wt % carboxylic acid component, 0.05 to 1 wt % aminic and/or phenolic antioxidant, 0.5 to 5 wt % wax and/or thickener component, based in each case on the total weight of the composition. Further disclosed is a dry lubricant composition which can be washed off cold.

A lubricating oil composition for a sliding guide surface, which includes a lubricant base oil, an acid phosphate ester mixture having a structure represented by the following Formula (1) and including an acid phosphate monoester and an acid phosphate diester, and an aliphatic monoamine, and which satisfies a predetermined condition A or condition B, is provided. In Formula (1), each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a saturated or unsaturated straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are not simultaneously hydrogen atoms.

(R.sup.1O)(R.sup.2O)(HO)PO(1)

Fuel and lubricant compositions are provided that contain a primary low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI)-reducing additive comprising (i) an amino additive, (ii) an amine additive, (iii) a triazole additive, (iv) a benzamidinium additive, (v) a benzoxazole additive, or (vi) a NCX motif additive. Methods for preventing or reducing low speed pre-ignition events in spark-ignited engines using these compositions are also provided.

Fuel and lubricant compositions are provided that contain a primary low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI)-reducing additive comprising (i) an amino additive, (ii) an amine additive, (iii) a triazole additive, (iv) a benzamidinium additive, (v) a benzoxazole additive, or (vi) a NCX motif additive. Methods for preventing or reducing low speed pre-ignition events in spark-ignited engines using these compositions are also provided.