The invention relates to the use of quaternized nitrogen compounds as a fuel and lubricant additive or kerosene additive, such as in particular as a detergent additive, for decreasing or preventing deposits in the injection systems of direct-injection diesel engines, in particular in common rail injection systems, for decreasing the fuel consumption of direct-injection diesel engines, in particular of diesel engines having common rail injection systems, and for minimizing the power loss in direct-injection diesel engines, in particular in diesel engines having common rail injection systems; the invention further relates to the use as an additive for petrol, in particular for operation of DISI engines.

The present disclosure is directed to an additive composition for engine oils comprising; (a) an alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride and (b) a polyamine compound and (C) Co-additives, wherein the reaction product has a ratio of the amide to imide infrared absorption peak areas of about 1:1.2 to about 1.6. The said reaction product is effective to prevent engine deposits along with protecting elastomeric seal material of an internal combustion engine and also improves piston cleanliness and ring sticking performance of an internal combustion engine.

The present disclosure is directed to an additive composition for engine oils comprising; (a) an alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride and (b) a polyamine compound and (C) Co-additives, wherein the reaction product has a ratio of the amide to imide infrared absorption peak areas of about 1:1.2 to about 1.6. The said reaction product is effective to prevent engine deposits along with protecting elastomeric seal material of an internal combustion engine and also improves piston cleanliness and ring sticking performance of an internal combustion engine.

A process for producing a borated polyalkenyl succinimide dispersant composition in which the boron is incorporated primarily as cyclic metaboric acid moieties and the equivalents of boron incorporated per equivalent of nitrogen in the succinimide carrier is greater than 2; in which process a slurry of orthoboric acid is added to a polyalkenyl succinimide to form a reaction mixture, which reaction mixture is then heated under conditions (at a temperature and pressure and for a time) sufficient to remove from the reaction mixture from about 0.8 to about 1.2 moles of water of reaction per mole of boric acid charged.

A lubricating oil composition containing a base oil (A), a molybdenum-based friction modifier (B), a metal-based detergent (C), and a dispersant (D), in which the dispersant (D) contains a non-boron-modified polyisobutenyl succinic bisimide (D1). The IR spectrum of the non-boron-modified polyisobutenyl succinic bisimide (D1) is determined by an FT-IR method, having a ratio [Abs (1705 cm.sup.?1)/Abs (1390 cm.sup.?1)] of a peak intensity Abs (1705 cm.sup.?1) at 1705 cm.sup.?1 to a peak intensity Abs (1390 cm.sup.?1) at 1390 cm.sup.?1 is 7.5 or less. A content of the non-boron-modified polyisobutenyl succinic bisimide (D1) is 50 mass % or more based on a total amount of the dispersant (D), and contains a kinematic viscosity at 100? C. is 9.3 mm.sup.2/s or less. The lubricating oil composition has an excellent effect of reducing a friction coefficient while containing a molybdenum-based friction modifier and a succinimide compound.

A lubricating oil composition containing a base oil (A), a molybdenum-based friction modifier (B), a metal-based detergent (C), and a dispersant (D), in which the dispersant (D) contains a non-boron-modified polyisobutenyl succinic bisimide (D1). The IR spectrum of the non-boron-modified polyisobutenyl succinic bisimide (D1) is determined by an FT-IR method, having a ratio [Abs (1705 cm.sup.?1)/Abs (1390 cm.sup.?1)] of a peak intensity Abs (1705 cm.sup.?1) at 1705 cm.sup.?1 to a peak intensity Abs (1390 cm.sup.?1) at 1390 cm.sup.?1 is 7.5 or less. A content of the non-boron-modified polyisobutenyl succinic bisimide (D1) is 50 mass % or more based on a total amount of the dispersant (D), and contains a kinematic viscosity at 100? C. is 9.3 mm.sup.2/s or less. The lubricating oil composition has an excellent effect of reducing a friction coefficient while containing a molybdenum-based friction modifier and a succinimide compound.

The present technology is related to amide or ester containing quaternary ammonium salts having a hydrocarbyl substituent of number average molecular weight ranging from 300 to 750, and the use of such quaternary ammonium salts in fuel compositions to improve the water shedding performance of the fuel composition.

The present technology is related to amide or ester containing quaternary ammonium salts having a hydrocarbyl substituent of number average molecular weight ranging from 300 to 750, and the use of such quaternary ammonium salts in fuel compositions to improve the water shedding performance of the fuel composition.

A lubricating oil composition may be used for lubrication of a shock absorber. The composition may include a base oil (A), a zinc dithiophosphate (B), and an alkenylsuccinic imide (C). The lubricating oil composition can be more preferably applied to lubrication of a shock absorber. Based on the total lubricating oil composition mass, a content of the component (C) in terms of nitrogen atoms is in a range of from 0.001 to 0.09 mass %, and/or a content of the component (B) in terms of zinc atoms is in a range of from 0.005 to 1.0 mass %.

A lubricating oil composition may be used for lubrication of a shock absorber. The composition may include a base oil (A), a zinc dithiophosphate (B), and an alkenylsuccinic imide (C). The lubricating oil composition can be more preferably applied to lubrication of a shock absorber. Based on the total lubricating oil composition mass, a content of the component (C) in terms of nitrogen atoms is in a range of from 0.001 to 0.09 mass %, and/or a content of the component (B) in terms of zinc atoms is in a range of from 0.005 to 1.0 mass %.