A stable lubricant emulsion composition for use in engine and gear applications is provided. The emulsion includes a base petroleum oil, an aqueous salt solution that functions as a friction/wear modifier, and a polymeric non-ionic surfactant composition having a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value in the range of 2.5 to 7 and an average molecular weight in the range of 1,000 to 3,000. The surfactant composition may include a polyester surfactant, a PIB succinimide surfactant, a PIB amine surfactant, or a mixture thereof.

A lubricant composition of (a) an oil of lubricating viscosity; (b) a poly(meth)acrylate ester polymer comprising 0.5 to 5 weight percent of amine nitrogen-containing dispersant monomer units and (c) an esterified copolymer with a backbone comprising units derived from (i) an -olefin monomer of at least about 6 carbon atoms, (ii) an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or derivative thereof, further containing nitrogen functionality in groups pendant from the copolymer backbone, provides a good combination of seal performance and oxidation resistance.

A lubricant composition of (a) an oil of lubricating viscosity; (b) a poly(meth)acrylate ester polymer comprising 0.5 to 5 weight percent of amine nitrogen-containing dispersant monomer units and (c) an esterified copolymer with a backbone comprising units derived from (i) an -olefin monomer of at least about 6 carbon atoms, (ii) an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or derivative thereof, further containing nitrogen functionality in groups pendant from the copolymer backbone, provides a good combination of seal performance and oxidation resistance.

A functionalized polymer for use in a lubricant composition. The functionalized polymer includes a reaction product of a hydrocarbon polymer grafted with an acylating agent that is reacted with both: i) a hydrocarbyl substituted poly(oxyalkylene) amine and/or a poly(oxyalkylene) alcohol and ii) a polyamine. Also disclosed are a lubricating composition containing the functionalized polymer and a method of lubricating and operating an engine employing the lubricating composition that contains the functionalized polymer. The functionalized polymers may be used as viscosity modifiers and/or to provide lubricating oils have a set of properties that lead to a higher predicted fuel economy.

Provided are lubricating engine oils including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component having a base oil viscosity at 100 deg. C. ranging from 4.5 to 7.5 cSt, and a carboxylic functionalized polymer dispersant with aromatic amine functionality, as a minor component, wherein the lubricating engine oils have a cold crank simulator viscosity at 30 deg. C. of less than 8500 mPa.Math.s. The lubricating engine oils may provide improved engine wear protection at equivalent fuel efficiency or improved fuel efficiency at equivalent engine wear protection compared to a lubricating engine oil containing a dispersant as a minor component other than the carboxylic functionalized polymer with aromatic amine functionality. Methods of making the lubricating engine oil are also provided. The lubricating engine oils are useful in internal combustion engines including direct injection, gasoline and diesel engines.

The invention provides a lubricating composition containing an oil of lubricating viscosity and a block copolymer. The block copolymer may contain (a) a hydrophobic first block having C.sub.1-30 alkyl (meth)acrylic units, wherein at least 50 wt % of the C.sub.1-30 alkyl (meth)acrylic units are C.sub.12-15 alkyl (meth)acrylic units, and up to 50 wt % of the C.sub.1-30 alkyl (meth)acrylic units are C.sub.16-20 alkyl (meth)acrylic units, with the proviso that alkyl groups of the C.sub.1-30 alkyl (meth)acrylic units have an average total number of carbon atoms of at least 8; and (b) a second block having (meth)acrylic units further having a heteroatom-containing group providing a polar group. The invention further relates to a method of lubricating an internal combustion engine by lubricating the engine with the lubricating composition. The invention further relates to the use of the block copolymer as an emulsifier and/or pour point depressant.

The invention provides a lubricating composition containing an oil of lubricating viscosity and a block copolymer. The block copolymer may contain (a) a hydrophobic first block having C.sub.1-30 alkyl (meth)acrylic units, wherein at least 50 wt % of the C.sub.1-30 alkyl (meth)acrylic units are C.sub.12-15 alkyl (meth)acrylic units, and up to 50 wt % of the C.sub.1-30 alkyl (meth)acrylic units are C.sub.16-20 alkyl (meth)acrylic units, with the proviso that alkyl groups of the C.sub.1-30 alkyl (meth)acrylic units have an average total number of carbon atoms of at least 8; and (b) a second block having (meth)acrylic units further having a heteroatom-containing group providing a polar group. The invention further relates to a method of lubricating an internal combustion engine by lubricating the engine with the lubricating composition. The invention further relates to the use of the block copolymer as an emulsifier and/or pour point depressant.

An acylated hydrocarbon polymer is aminated by reacting a primary or secondary aromatic amine which is solid at room temperature with an acyl group of the polymer, by: supplying a melt of the acylated polymer; supplying a solution of the aromatic amine in a polar aprotic solvent which has a boiling point of at least about 15 C., a melting point below about 40 C., and a dielectric constant of at least about 5 at 25 C.; mixing the solution at 140 C. to 185 C.; and cooling the resulting amine-reacted polymer with a liquid while retaining the polar aprotic solvent in the polymer.

An acylated hydrocarbon polymer is aminated by reacting a primary or secondary aromatic amine which is solid at room temperature with an acyl group of the polymer, by: supplying a melt of the acylated polymer; supplying a solution of the aromatic amine in a polar aprotic solvent which has a boiling point of at least about 15 C., a melting point below about 40 C., and a dielectric constant of at least about 5 at 25 C.; mixing the solution at 140 C. to 185 C.; and cooling the resulting amine-reacted polymer with a liquid while retaining the polar aprotic solvent in the polymer.

The present invention generally relates to oil compositions, primarily to fuel oil and petroleum compositions produced there from susceptible to wax formation at low temperatures, to polymeric imides for use with such fuel oil compositions, and to methods for their manufacture.