The present disclosure relates to a lubricating fluid for an electric motor system and a method of lubricating gears and cooling a motor in an electric motor system. In particular, the disclosed technology relates to a lubricating fluid, for use in electric motor vehicle, comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity and at least one phosphorylated dispersant exhibiting increased resistivity after aging.

Provided are: a lubricating oil composition for transmissions having a long fatigue life and a low viscosity, which contains a base oil and an olefin copolymer and in which the mass-average molecular weight of the olefin copolymer is 5,000 or more and 30,000 or less, the hydrodynamic radius of the olefin copolymer is 1.00 nm or more and 5.00 nm or less, and the content of the olefin copolymer based on the total amount of the composition is 1.0% by mass or more and 8.0% by mass or less; and a production method for the composition, a lubricating method using a lubricating oil composition for transmissions, and a transmission.

Compositions, including dispersants, derived from substituted succinic anhydrides and aromatic polyamines. Methods for making compositions, the methods including contacting a substituted succinic anhydride and an aromatic polyamine. Lubricants that include a composition derived from a substituted succinic anhydride and an aromatic polyamine. Methods for improving soot performance.

Acrylate-olefin copolymers and a method for the preparation of these copolymers are provided. Lubricant compositions can contain the aforementioned copolymers. The copolymers are useful as a lubricant additive or a synthetic base fluid in a lubricating oil composition, preferably in a gear oil composition, a transmission oil composition, a hydraulic oil composition, an engine oil composition, a marine oil composition, an industrial lubricating oil composition or in grease.

The incorporation of highly refined, low viscosity index base oils along with a polymeric thickener produces a final readily biodegradable fluid with a significantly high viscosity. The present invention allows the formulation of a high viscosity readily biodegradable fluid where the vast majority of the fluid is mineral oil. Previous uses of mineral oils only allowed for formulation of substantially lower viscosity readily biodegradable fluids.

A silicone modified lubricant includes a Group I, II, III, IV or V base oil in combination with a minor amount of a silicone oil. Further, the lubricant includes a dispersant such as a dispersant olefin copolymer which maintains the silicone oil dispersed in the base oil. The silicone oil reduces the surface tension of the lubricant thereby reducing power loss. Preferably the lubricant formation has a surface tension less than 28 mN/m, making it particularly suitable for dip lubrication systems.

A method of making a coating solution includes the steps of polymerising an initial monomer feed comprising an N-vinyl pyrrolidone and an acrylate, preferably methacrylate, salt in water to synthesise a copolymer thereof, acidifying the resulting copolymer-water mixture to give free carboxylic acid groups along the copolymer backbone, diluting the aqueous solution down with alcohol, and adding a cross-linking agent which is capable of reacting with the carboxylic acid groups and curing the copolymer at a later stage after the coating solution has been applied to a substrate and the copolymer coated thereon. Also disclosed are a coating solution in storage, a method of coating a substrate which is on, or is part of, a medical device or other article, a substrate, article or medical device having a coating so applied, and a coated medical device packaged in a hydration solution. The aqueous-alcoholic coating solution may be stored for an extended period, suitably for at least one month and desirably for substantially longer, without deteriorating.

Low-friction fluorinated coatings are disclosed herein. A preferred low-friction material contains a low-surface-energy fluoropolymer having a surface energy between about 5 mJ/m.sup.2 to about 50 mJ/m.sup.2, and a hygroscopic material that is covalently connected to the fluoropolymer in a triblock copolymer, such as PEG-PFPE-PEG. The material forms a lubricating surface layer in the presence of humidity. An exemplary copolymer comprises fluoropolymers with average molecular weight from 500 g/mol to 20,000 g/mol, wherein the fluoropolymers are (α,ω)-hydroxyl-terminated and/or (α,ω)-amine-terminated, and wherein the fluoropolymers are present in the triblock structure T-(CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—O)—CH.sub.2—CF.sub.2—O—(CF.sub.2—CF.sub.2—O).sub.m(CF.sub.2—O).sub.n—CF.sub.2—CH.sub.2—(O—CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2).sub.p-T where T is a hydroxyl or amine terminal group, p=1 to 50, m=1 to 100, and n=1 to 100. The copolymer also contains isocyanate species and polyol or polyamine chain extenders or crosslinkers possessing a functionality of preferably 3 or greater. These durable, solvent-resistant, and transparent coatings reduce insect debris following impact.

The invention relates to a method for the preparation of a hyperbranched polyester mixture obtainable by reacting a hydroxyl group containing carboxylic acid (B) with at least one carboxylic acid group and at least two hydroxyl groups with a diol (C) having a molecular weight of more than 100 g/mol, optionally in the presence of at least one further reactant, wherein the at least one further reactant is a polyol (A) having at least three hydroxyl groups under a reaction condition allowing ester and ether formation; and reacting the mixture resulting from step (a) with a hydrophobic carboxylic acid (D) resulting in the hyperbranched polyester mixture. The invention further relates to said hyperbranched polyester mixture and the use as wax inhibitor, as pour point depressant, as lubricant or in lubricating oils.

The invention relates to oil formulation comprising C.sub.16-20 oils being stabilized for low temperature storage and preparation processes thereof. The invention also relates to the preparation of specific polymer compounds and their use as stabilizers for low temperature storage of C.sub.16-20 oils.