Lubrication and friction reduction improves fuel efficiency and reduces energy consumption. Effective and controllable material removal results in superior surface finishing and planarization. Nanosheets are developed with specific functionalization that can be used to reduce friction and wear, improve the fluidic property, and rheological performance

The nanosheets can be from the graphite family, transition metal dichalcogenides, transition metal trichalcogenides, semiconducting chalcogenides, metal oxides, layered hydroxides, clays, ternary transition metal carbides and nitrides, and zirconium phosphates and phosphonates, and their corresponding dopants.

Tribological, rheological, and polishing applications include lubricants, viscosity modification, and chemical-mechanical planarization. The nanosheets are useful in improving efficiency and lifetime of machinery, saving energy for mechanical operations, and optimizing manufacturing processes in surface engineering.

A system for modifying viscosity of a lubricant. The system including a viscosity modification device configured to change viscosity of the lubricant between a first viscosity and a second viscosity. The second viscosity is lower than the first viscosity.

A metal powder composition for making compacted parts, the metal powder composition including (i) sponge iron particles or sponge iron-based particles, and (ii) a lubricant including at least two different fatty acid amides. A process including (i) compacting the metal powder composition, and (ii) sintering the thus obtained compacted metal powder composition to produce a metal product.

A metal powder composition for making compacted parts, the metal powder composition including (i) sponge iron particles or sponge iron-based particles, and (ii) a lubricant including at least two different fatty acid amides. A process including (i) compacting the metal powder composition, and (ii) sintering the thus obtained compacted metal powder composition to produce a metal product.

The invention relates to a dielectric mineral oil composition for a transformer, formed by at least one dielectric mineral oil and graphene nanoflakes decorated with metal nanoparticles and/or ceramic nanoparticles. The dielectric mineral oil composition has improved thermal conductivity and stability.

Provided are a method for simultaneously and stably dispersing spherical nanoparticles in an oil medium by using layered nanosheets and an application thereof. The method comprises: (1) mixing the layered nanosheets and oil-soluble alkylamines to obtain a first mixture containing intercalated/exfoliated nano sheets; (2) mixing spherical nanoparticles and the oil medium to obtain a second mixture; and (3) mixing the first mixture, the second mixture and the oil medium to obtain a third mixture.

The disclosure provides for a valve including a surface movably engaged with another surface. A coating is on the surface and is characterized by: a CoF of less than 0.1; a hardness in excess of 1,200 HVN; impermeability to liquids at pressures ranging from 15 and 20,000 psi; a surface finish of 63 or less; and a thickness ranging from 0.5 to 20 mils. The disclosure provides for material constructions including a continuous phase, including a transition metal, and a discontinuous phase, including a solid dry lubricant. The disclosure also provides for a method of depositing a coating that includes depositing a first layer of a coating onto a surface using electroplating, electroless plating, thermal spraying, or cladding, and then depositing a second layer of the coating onto a surface of the first layer using sputtering, ion beam, plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition, cathodic arc, or chemical vapor deposition.

A bearing element may include an overlay layer which forms a bearing surface against a steel journal or the like. The overlay layer may be formed from a bearing material comprising a polymer matrix of polyamide-imide polymer material, melamine cyanurate particulate, and metal oxide particulate. A method of forming the bearing element comprising the bearing material are also provided.

A sliding material includes a resin, first particles disposed in the resin and composed of an inorganic material, and second particles disposed in the resin and composed of an inorganic material whose Vickers hardness is higher than a Vickers hardness of the first particles. When a value obtained by dividing a Vickers hardness of the second particles by the Vickers hardness of the first particles is defined as a hardness ratio and when a value obtained by dividing a contained amount of the first particles with respect to the resin by a contained amount of the second particles with respect to the resin is defined as a content ratio, a value obtained by dividing the hardness ratio by the content ratio is greater than or equal to 0.3 and less than or equal to 2.8.

This invention relates to a lubricating composition comprising or resulting from the admixing of: base oil, detergent, and one or more metal alkanoates having a quaternary carbon atom at the 2 position, the 2 position, or both the 2 and 2 positions, where the lubricating composition preferably has an adhesive wear of 100 hours or more, a foam volume of 70 ml or less at 24 C., and 50 ml or less at 93.5 C., and, optionally, a total base number of 7 mgKOH/g or more.